{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2013:UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA","short_pith_number":"pith:UQ4XCY2C","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"a439716342fa8b7c8aa5c702aa0e480017ef2867c5102263dcf7aedd7547d3d9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1311.0296","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Coagulation Calculations of Icy Planet Formation Around 0.1--0.5~\\msun\\ Stars: Super-Earths From Large Planetestimals","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Benjamin C. Bromley, Scott J. Kenyon","submitted_at":"2013-11-01T20:21:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate formation mechanisms for icy super-Earth mass planets orbiting at 2-20 AU around 0.1-0.5 solar mass stars. A large ensemble of coagulation calculations demonstrates a new formation channel: disks composed of large planetesimals with radii of 30-300 km form super-Earths on time scales of roughly 1 Gyr. In other gas-poor disks, a collisional cascade grinds planetesimals to dust before the largest planets reach super-Earth masses. Once icy Earth-mass planets form, they migrate through the leftover swarm of planetesimals at rates of 0.01-1 AU per Myr. On time scales of 10 Myr to 1 G"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1311.0296","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2013-11-01T20:21:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e9bf9976bb2b6231e00dc29f76a8197ec71440f36bfd91a4e61aa77c5473200f","abstract_canon_sha256":"371d28d8d1a58d91e9461733479541dae70abb315b3702898c81315d2b2d3170"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:39.824410Z","signature_b64":"2tSxrXdAjWSbqDmuye/qe+eTLklSwAxsxVtx8LkidrdZMevcv4r/SQsXzfqGUZVIjO6FMWGbHAU1PpK0r7RMDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a439716342fa8b7c8aa5c702aa0e480017ef2867c5102263dcf7aedd7547d3d9","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:39.823735Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:39.823735Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Coagulation Calculations of Icy Planet Formation Around 0.1--0.5~\\msun\\ Stars: Super-Earths From Large Planetestimals","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Benjamin C. Bromley, Scott J. Kenyon","submitted_at":"2013-11-01T20:21:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate formation mechanisms for icy super-Earth mass planets orbiting at 2-20 AU around 0.1-0.5 solar mass stars. A large ensemble of coagulation calculations demonstrates a new formation channel: disks composed of large planetesimals with radii of 30-300 km form super-Earths on time scales of roughly 1 Gyr. In other gas-poor disks, a collisional cascade grinds planetesimals to dust before the largest planets reach super-Earth masses. Once icy Earth-mass planets form, they migrate through the leftover swarm of planetesimals at rates of 0.01-1 AU per Myr. On time scales of 10 Myr to 1 G"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1311.0296","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1311.0296","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:39.823853+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1311.0296v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:39.823853+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1311.0296","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:39.823853+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UQ4XCY2C7KFX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02.375192+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02.375192+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UQ4XCY2C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:02.375192+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA","json":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UQ4XCY2C"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UQ4XCY2C","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1311.0296&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/UQ4XCY2C7KFXZCVFY4BKUDSIAA/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:39.823853+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:46:39.823853+00:00"}