{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2000:URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG","short_pith_number":"pith:URQ7D57M","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"cond-mat/0009287","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2000-09-19T22:22:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","q-fin.ST"],"title_canon_sha256":"cea80106adf8fb5b5b7210b24b6e6d7183a1938e59e4837b30d235c04e0726ac","abstract_canon_sha256":"5f0ff91f210c908e50bcaa0e317d4b2a023ce1d97f141859c136975f779e19f5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a461f1f7ec9172c0fab2ac4f32d7b199b0b73dff8df20140b80dcacf8a8ef5cf","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"cond-mat/0009287","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"cond-mat/0009287","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"cond-mat/0009287v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0009287","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"URQ7D57MSFZM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"URQ7D57MSFZMB6VS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"URQ7D57M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2000:URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"cond-mat/0009287","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2000-09-19T22:22:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","q-fin.ST"],"title_canon_sha256":"cea80106adf8fb5b5b7210b24b6e6d7183a1938e59e4837b30d235c04e0726ac","abstract_canon_sha256":"5f0ff91f210c908e50bcaa0e317d4b2a023ce1d97f141859c136975f779e19f5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a461f1f7ec9172c0fab2ac4f32d7b199b0b73dff8df20140b80dcacf8a8ef5cf","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36.719630Z","signature_b64":"GMTrG9bi1dKkIa9xe9zs1WdRUumg0heeWrjzkA7+g5Wp+KD1ZUIB9MmsuY9hX/WVyxm8lFvaio9IitpYCSmECg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a461f1f7ec9172c0fab2ac4f32d7b199b0b73dff8df20140b80dcacf8a8ef5cf","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36.719138Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36.719138Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"cond-mat/0009287","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pUoT/ZN9Y30+lbhBNtxdm1KWbxTUUm0L3MUlmydM5YX5eduDJ0Xt26N9CC+Ih2a+TYkYdyZwyCqtOoWwUQYSCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T03:09:02.250255Z"},"content_sha256":"c9567268b5976b3e32b30105d9c4eed1c46d37b82a755fa4c61074029aab6c9a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c9567268b5976b3e32b30105d9c4eed1c46d37b82a755fa4c61074029aab6c9a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2000:URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Money and Goldstone modes","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.AO","q-fin.ST"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Martin Shubik, Per Bak, Simon F. Norrelykke","submitted_at":"2000-09-19T22:22:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"Why is ``worthless'' fiat money generally accepted as payment for goods and services? In equilibrium theory, the value of money is generally not determined: the number of equations is one less than the number of unknowns, so only relative prices are determined. In the language of mathematics, the equations are ``homogeneous of order one''. Using the language of physics, this represents a continuous ``Goldstone'' symmetry. However, the continuous symmetry is often broken by the dynamics of the system, thus fixing the value of the otherwise undetermined variable. In economics, the value of money"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"cond-mat/0009287","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ej9KhWjPwrnUUNJazLvq/ktamGWZgMaqtB9o8YaNDgOiyP5u14iqEcDvGvXe8TBSTkIMYC3gffIkYd6pvMOyCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T03:09:02.250810Z"},"content_sha256":"ef7060dab5a3fc9d96fc1df1e199019352c302e7764e9fbf8879c866d9af1ac8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ef7060dab5a3fc9d96fc1df1e199019352c302e7764e9fbf8879c866d9af1ac8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T03:09:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2000:URQ7D57MSFZMB6VSVRHTFV5RTG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5f0ff91f210c908e50bcaa0e317d4b2a023ce1d97f141859c136975f779e19f5","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","q-fin.ST"],"license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2000-09-19T22:22:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"cea80106adf8fb5b5b7210b24b6e6d7183a1938e59e4837b30d235c04e0726ac"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"cond-mat/0009287","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"cond-mat/0009287","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"cond-mat/0009287v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.cond-mat/0009287","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"URQ7D57MSFZM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"URQ7D57MSFZMB6VS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"URQ7D57M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ef7060dab5a3fc9d96fc1df1e199019352c302e7764e9fbf8879c866d9af1ac8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Why is ``worthless'' fiat money generally accepted as payment for goods and services? In equilibrium theory, the value of money is generally not determined: the number of equations is one less than the number of unknowns, so only relative prices are determined. In the language of mathematics, the equations are ``homogeneous of order one''. Using the language of physics, this represents a continuous ``Goldstone'' symmetry. However, the continuous symmetry is often broken by the dynamics of the system, thus fixing the value of the otherwise undetermined variable. In economics, the value of money","authors_text":"Martin Shubik, Per Bak, Simon F. Norrelykke","cross_cats":["nlin.AO","q-fin.ST"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2000-09-19T22:22:14Z","title":"Money and Goldstone modes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"cond-mat/0009287","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c9567268b5976b3e32b30105d9c4eed1c46d37b82a755fa4c61074029aab6c9a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5f0ff91f210c908e50bcaa0e317d4b2a023ce1d97f141859c136975f779e19f5","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","q-fin.ST"],"license":"","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2000-09-19T22:22:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"cea80106adf8fb5b5b7210b24b6e6d7183a1938e59e4837b30d235c04e0726ac"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"cond-mat/0009287","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a461f1f7ec9172c0fab2ac4f32d7b199b0b73dff8df20140b80dcacf8a8ef5cf","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a461f1f7ec9172c0fab2ac4f32d7b199b0b73dff8df20140b80dcacf8a8ef5cf","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36.719138Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36.719138Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GMTrG9bi1dKkIa9xe9zs1WdRUumg0heeWrjzkA7+g5Wp+KD1ZUIB9MmsuY9hX/WVyxm8lFvaio9IitpYCSmECg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:36.719630Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"cond-mat/0009287","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c9567268b5976b3e32b30105d9c4eed1c46d37b82a755fa4c61074029aab6c9a","sha256:ef7060dab5a3fc9d96fc1df1e199019352c302e7764e9fbf8879c866d9af1ac8"],"state_sha256":"f7fc2b1850383efbb6fa3761256f4fc0021eccf32a4c8160fcf9b6bbcd2c461d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tS4eaZi5+swwIDdGJ5AtAW4wo2w0Ms1U285rnLoZlZ+xzpb0lfs1Ssg17g2ZNYVwMVJlTYB9SmP5aESvb4JyCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T03:09:02.253401Z","bundle_sha256":"d008e1468c6529486b1aedd33960bd7ae4cea1fd8572bbb9f3b0809bde182927"}}