{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI","short_pith_number":"pith:UTY2Y3XY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1110.0611","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-10-04T08:58:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"512038ad124b2a250c78830f4fd8ad6514c896c994e82437cc455486eca2ca8c","abstract_canon_sha256":"7069aad5622e4a4e77f832740b2110aa850af22da5cb886ca633e59343137c8e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a4f1ac6ef8ad36e8573303a8224e865a294d066c42738f961d29e0d0e28cf106","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1110.0611","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1110.0611","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1110.0611v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1110.0611","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UTY2Y3XYVU3O","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UTY2Y3XY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1110.0611","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-10-04T08:58:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"512038ad124b2a250c78830f4fd8ad6514c896c994e82437cc455486eca2ca8c","abstract_canon_sha256":"7069aad5622e4a4e77f832740b2110aa850af22da5cb886ca633e59343137c8e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a4f1ac6ef8ad36e8573303a8224e865a294d066c42738f961d29e0d0e28cf106","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41.387184Z","signature_b64":"HOMCGEPOCcFxiYw2cVIbxFe4yo0CF+D+wkQFVOWT06z45A+JsxG+4MIDy5HNpghmopE/Ju2vGeoakwK06GWlBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a4f1ac6ef8ad36e8573303a8224e865a294d066c42738f961d29e0d0e28cf106","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41.386534Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41.386534Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1110.0611","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MTy0YbfT0yBRRII9+9oZlA30chaHpfF1eJJXj7Eing6s3BudKe5Hr7PMgyeT7W5BFgxZMjPUW47q7OOXrd3uDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T15:39:24.046963Z"},"content_sha256":"c30fb9f61d035eae0218c3808226befe3e0b249a5dee1d2f0294577214f3241c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c30fb9f61d035eae0218c3808226befe3e0b249a5dee1d2f0294577214f3241c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Topology change in classical and quantum gravity","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"G.W. Gibbons","submitted_at":"2011-10-04T08:58:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"In these two lectures I describe the difficulties one encounters when trying to construct a framework in which to describe topology change in classical general relativity where one sticks to the assumption of an everywhere non-singular Lorentzian metric and how these difficulties can be circumvented in the Euclidean approach to quantum gravity."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1110.0611","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0xU6FhL5QoZLxknw9AtFnosNgnpGdSsswaDmLjhy4J35sxv7l71jLxIudrXNl5eFzTf6BQFPJ8jz3LBfqwUPDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T15:39:24.047696Z"},"content_sha256":"7597eedd82ef6fe2de5072b25167138296a4b5a6f1096c5a8855d025e41caf72","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7597eedd82ef6fe2de5072b25167138296a4b5a6f1096c5a8855d025e41caf72"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-07T15:39:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZTAOUCETUGLI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7069aad5622e4a4e77f832740b2110aa850af22da5cb886ca633e59343137c8e","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-10-04T08:58:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"512038ad124b2a250c78830f4fd8ad6514c896c994e82437cc455486eca2ca8c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1110.0611","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1110.0611","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1110.0611v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1110.0611","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UTY2Y3XYVU3O","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UTY2Y3XYVU3OQVZT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UTY2Y3XY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7597eedd82ef6fe2de5072b25167138296a4b5a6f1096c5a8855d025e41caf72","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In these two lectures I describe the difficulties one encounters when trying to construct a framework in which to describe topology change in classical general relativity where one sticks to the assumption of an everywhere non-singular Lorentzian metric and how these difficulties can be circumvented in the Euclidean approach to quantum gravity.","authors_text":"G.W. Gibbons","cross_cats":["hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-10-04T08:58:12Z","title":"Topology change in classical and quantum gravity"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1110.0611","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c30fb9f61d035eae0218c3808226befe3e0b249a5dee1d2f0294577214f3241c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7069aad5622e4a4e77f832740b2110aa850af22da5cb886ca633e59343137c8e","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-10-04T08:58:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"512038ad124b2a250c78830f4fd8ad6514c896c994e82437cc455486eca2ca8c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1110.0611","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a4f1ac6ef8ad36e8573303a8224e865a294d066c42738f961d29e0d0e28cf106","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a4f1ac6ef8ad36e8573303a8224e865a294d066c42738f961d29e0d0e28cf106","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41.386534Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41.386534Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HOMCGEPOCcFxiYw2cVIbxFe4yo0CF+D+wkQFVOWT06z45A+JsxG+4MIDy5HNpghmopE/Ju2vGeoakwK06GWlBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:11:41.387184Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1110.0611","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c30fb9f61d035eae0218c3808226befe3e0b249a5dee1d2f0294577214f3241c","sha256:7597eedd82ef6fe2de5072b25167138296a4b5a6f1096c5a8855d025e41caf72"],"state_sha256":"7e9d756e706c3e8580365297e03e4c19728052abd78027928f941c7b4b14f043"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uca5InjBLc4L/K5mYcGL+y9EYCdqQoA7Rd/tndu52IBuWGMYb2aFFutga2S8oFJghJOqZIJ1VzC/PO0iUiFIBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T15:39:24.050093Z","bundle_sha256":"8bb04e73e412d1368b561b8af41cd3c845ef1913bfd972e0dd0ec2397d5f05a4"}}