{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:UUOKCZU3D7FR7HMV7ZOTJCCAZE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9d21ab7df32b0b754c477285ee45c634c299675ff5b3aea2259aa5b9b6bfbb0b","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ME"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2014-11-26T19:25:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"8280d3320dfa68f371e9c75601c3f561c6bf65a9fed1493d26b94095025a7937"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1411.7342","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1411.7342","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1411.7342v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1411.7342","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:24Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UUOKCZU3D7FR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UUOKCZU3D7FR7HMV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UUOKCZU3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f22cb737171e8ca04da12e547a1e62e6efc48d197fc28c8aef0666d232c6479c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Most previous studies of the causal relationship between malaria and stunting have been studies where potential confounders are controlled via regression-based methods, but these studies may have been biased by unobserved confounders. Instrumental variables (IV) regression offers a way to control for unmeasured confounders where, in our case, the sickle cell trait can be used as an instrument. However, for the instrument to be valid, it may still be important to account for measured confounders. The most commonly used instrumental variable regression method, two-stage least squares, relies on ","authors_text":"Benno Kreuels, Dylan S. Small, Hyunseung Kang, J\\\"urgen May","cross_cats":["stat.ME"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2014-11-26T19:25:12Z","title":"Full Matching Approach to Instrumental Variables Estimation with Application to the Effect of Malaria on Stunting"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1411.7342","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4a5588d9af6641a6f5e8e4f35f2bad3dae1a9bb8e9fb7579520615e83e695fcd","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:24Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9d21ab7df32b0b754c477285ee45c634c299675ff5b3aea2259aa5b9b6bfbb0b","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ME"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2014-11-26T19:25:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"8280d3320dfa68f371e9c75601c3f561c6bf65a9fed1493d26b94095025a7937"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1411.7342","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"a51ca1669b1fcb1f9d95fe5d348840c92e2b9d8f29a5bd4c4998c095b6d28698","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a51ca1669b1fcb1f9d95fe5d348840c92e2b9d8f29a5bd4c4998c095b6d28698","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:24.358406Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:24.358406Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"JUGdNg6D8MIZhL/J4GSdFW7DEknEK22vXiq59XfRl3wNbdlxoz1j9woRsCHqAzXyVgZwLqxx+0n587e2MpUABA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:27:24.358829Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1411.7342","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4a5588d9af6641a6f5e8e4f35f2bad3dae1a9bb8e9fb7579520615e83e695fcd","sha256:f22cb737171e8ca04da12e547a1e62e6efc48d197fc28c8aef0666d232c6479c"],"state_sha256":"776dad0b614cb5d07a77487156a3f622f5a809978b2b3550610be34d53c125ab"}