{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND","short_pith_number":"pith:UV5LWOQQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1504.02042","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2015-04-08T17:30:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"c0e347d037e72c08f7bb29189de2f48fc9e16fca03ac44a3d3ad8ad796113ea5","abstract_canon_sha256":"2fbdb1c0dd2f66e21123a6847a9d18c91a102c366c9da5083258088c278a59cc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a57abb3a10e4c27d2eee50d54a18d168eb449ea2383784bc18e9eabc485a8dd9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1504.02042","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1504.02042","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1504.02042v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1504.02042","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UV5LWOQQ4TBH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UV5LWOQQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1504.02042","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2015-04-08T17:30:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"c0e347d037e72c08f7bb29189de2f48fc9e16fca03ac44a3d3ad8ad796113ea5","abstract_canon_sha256":"2fbdb1c0dd2f66e21123a6847a9d18c91a102c366c9da5083258088c278a59cc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a57abb3a10e4c27d2eee50d54a18d168eb449ea2383784bc18e9eabc485a8dd9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29.617140Z","signature_b64":"ZoWc2anaikSYftYl3iEzGgaVupTvtG4I3BNVO31cgUaXAHcVeqB9zdFKXZlOoZhrdMMXD7sSNEi+xkpu1aIgBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a57abb3a10e4c27d2eee50d54a18d168eb449ea2383784bc18e9eabc485a8dd9","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29.616525Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29.616525Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1504.02042","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VlmTtTEp7vYZUAYwDXUvSxmokN5/REYgsn7t8w/w7sFbkelukelWc/qoCuTa/R/jhBMDnZJMSaVM6x2FX+RrAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T07:25:37.968868Z"},"content_sha256":"5bb1ae2d29078d07ead06ffd0e67c12f4babb0791ae62763eb0a615c823c8c20","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5bb1ae2d29078d07ead06ffd0e67c12f4babb0791ae62763eb0a615c823c8c20"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Framework for Understanding the Patterns of Student Reasoning Difficulties in Quantum Mechanics","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["quant-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","authors_text":"Chandralekha Singh, Emily Marshman","submitted_at":"2015-04-08T17:30:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"Compared with introductory physics, relatively little is known about the development of expertise in advanced physics courses, especially in the case of quantum mechanics. Here, we describe a framework for understanding the patterns of student reasoning difficulties and how students develop expertise in quantum mechanics. The framework posits that the challenges many students face in developing expertise in quantum mechanics are analogous to the challenges introductory students face in developing expertise in introductory classical mechanics. This framework incorporates both the diversity in u"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1504.02042","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Btt32o8O5zHwblTI0jOYO7w3ryIsGDyqM2gNY0NGUiy2zMbrdOfAyi6xyLucHS+uHPyCzKEj6UqhciGcA137Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T07:25:37.969631Z"},"content_sha256":"e5413101f70e0b4d8fb91e12add63302d29ca2543b42cb8ae21162ad5671d603","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e5413101f70e0b4d8fb91e12add63302d29ca2543b42cb8ae21162ad5671d603"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-11T07:25:37Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXOKDKUUGGRND","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2fbdb1c0dd2f66e21123a6847a9d18c91a102c366c9da5083258088c278a59cc","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2015-04-08T17:30:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"c0e347d037e72c08f7bb29189de2f48fc9e16fca03ac44a3d3ad8ad796113ea5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1504.02042","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1504.02042","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1504.02042v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1504.02042","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UV5LWOQQ4TBH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UV5LWOQQ4TBH2LXO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UV5LWOQQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e5413101f70e0b4d8fb91e12add63302d29ca2543b42cb8ae21162ad5671d603","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Compared with introductory physics, relatively little is known about the development of expertise in advanced physics courses, especially in the case of quantum mechanics. Here, we describe a framework for understanding the patterns of student reasoning difficulties and how students develop expertise in quantum mechanics. The framework posits that the challenges many students face in developing expertise in quantum mechanics are analogous to the challenges introductory students face in developing expertise in introductory classical mechanics. This framework incorporates both the diversity in u","authors_text":"Chandralekha Singh, Emily Marshman","cross_cats":["quant-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2015-04-08T17:30:25Z","title":"A Framework for Understanding the Patterns of Student Reasoning Difficulties in Quantum Mechanics"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1504.02042","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5bb1ae2d29078d07ead06ffd0e67c12f4babb0791ae62763eb0a615c823c8c20","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2fbdb1c0dd2f66e21123a6847a9d18c91a102c366c9da5083258088c278a59cc","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ed-ph","submitted_at":"2015-04-08T17:30:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"c0e347d037e72c08f7bb29189de2f48fc9e16fca03ac44a3d3ad8ad796113ea5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1504.02042","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a57abb3a10e4c27d2eee50d54a18d168eb449ea2383784bc18e9eabc485a8dd9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a57abb3a10e4c27d2eee50d54a18d168eb449ea2383784bc18e9eabc485a8dd9","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29.616525Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29.616525Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ZoWc2anaikSYftYl3iEzGgaVupTvtG4I3BNVO31cgUaXAHcVeqB9zdFKXZlOoZhrdMMXD7sSNEi+xkpu1aIgBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:20:29.617140Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1504.02042","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5bb1ae2d29078d07ead06ffd0e67c12f4babb0791ae62763eb0a615c823c8c20","sha256:e5413101f70e0b4d8fb91e12add63302d29ca2543b42cb8ae21162ad5671d603"],"state_sha256":"6fa4f05e68b3013b99bded4067022c33d87f3decc43299cd281b41a70aa8aedc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vkMHOG2Z/8+Y8n7xBPz7wfL3UIm4kc3fDcQJCffk/oAg6nnl4Q3WMx4DkAVzleOPpb9f9+lHlK/h2B5rH3wxAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T07:25:37.974557Z","bundle_sha256":"6f1cbcdc94df7f28de83f02c9b129705cffd784fbd3f3b4873a49572a5d7247d"}}