{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N","short_pith_number":"pith:UVA4IMWC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.06560","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-12T03:49:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"99a9fbe966b34a9abf499468225542add01e0865d68fd5760b814adb449f76fb","abstract_canon_sha256":"efe9ce7c230402d91ae9b0161b22164eca2288b53124943b34de441d685b861f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a541c432c2be24a9ba3a61d9010d8bfb5f69b0d8f64ddc8b0b4157c5c5c0da51","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2211.06560","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.06560","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.06560v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.06560","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UVA4IMWCXYSK","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UVA4IMWC","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.06560","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-12T03:49:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"99a9fbe966b34a9abf499468225542add01e0865d68fd5760b814adb449f76fb","abstract_canon_sha256":"efe9ce7c230402d91ae9b0161b22164eca2288b53124943b34de441d685b861f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a541c432c2be24a9ba3a61d9010d8bfb5f69b0d8f64ddc8b0b4157c5c5c0da51","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58.056704Z","signature_b64":"lb1tpXCVMD7M1q/BHN74nLSjoBGrRml1Ytnb/kuskZ6GvJZ+Fbi/OJ1LntrHmGjErFJ5PbQ1Ju1B2kpaJF/hCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a541c432c2be24a9ba3a61d9010d8bfb5f69b0d8f64ddc8b0b4157c5c5c0da51","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58.056283Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58.056283Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2211.06560","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"luGN8ahhH8/FOCj0tAPT4T4aaukZLrgoimUeEtyZSNNBl2jZUXkXMqjwJq25SdOsWOOitwwg6R/nTH11W1uqBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T14:23:17.842020Z"},"content_sha256":"3eabd85f1a19a38b6622b95397c0402a7a3a3cbb484777853be1d81e8cf4d8a4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3eabd85f1a19a38b6622b95397c0402a7a3a3cbb484777853be1d81e8cf4d8a4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"PatchRefineNet: Improving Binary Segmentation by Incorporating Signals from Optimal Patch-wise Binarization","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Chaopeng Shen, Daniel Kifer, Savinay Nagendra","submitted_at":"2022-11-12T03:49:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"The purpose of binary segmentation models is to determine which pixels belong to an object of interest (e.g., which pixels in an image are part of roads). The models assign a logit score (i.e., probability) to each pixel and these are converted into predictions by thresholding (i.e., each pixel with logit score $\\geq \\tau$ is predicted to be part of a road). However, a common phenomenon in current and former state-of-the-art segmentation models is spatial bias -- in some patches, the logit scores are consistently biased upwards and in others they are consistently biased downwards. These biases"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.06560","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2211.06560/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KVg8TTZAwKquRzv9vy6feM2SF1eO8FZdPn/ADXCqna8kUr9yOam44b0eA/Hl1U2hPY3XVMHCWM9r/kCEnzuMAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T14:23:17.842935Z"},"content_sha256":"d0b0b593e68eef316f715527d828e248280ef069f169c22f0ef8026164f6a9d0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d0b0b593e68eef316f715527d828e248280ef069f169c22f0ef8026164f6a9d0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T14:23:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2MHMQCDML7N","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"efe9ce7c230402d91ae9b0161b22164eca2288b53124943b34de441d685b861f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-12T03:49:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"99a9fbe966b34a9abf499468225542add01e0865d68fd5760b814adb449f76fb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.06560","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.06560","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.06560v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.06560","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UVA4IMWCXYSK","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UVA4IMWCXYSKTOR2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UVA4IMWC","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d0b0b593e68eef316f715527d828e248280ef069f169c22f0ef8026164f6a9d0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2211.06560/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The purpose of binary segmentation models is to determine which pixels belong to an object of interest (e.g., which pixels in an image are part of roads). The models assign a logit score (i.e., probability) to each pixel and these are converted into predictions by thresholding (i.e., each pixel with logit score $\\geq \\tau$ is predicted to be part of a road). However, a common phenomenon in current and former state-of-the-art segmentation models is spatial bias -- in some patches, the logit scores are consistently biased upwards and in others they are consistently biased downwards. These biases","authors_text":"Chaopeng Shen, Daniel Kifer, Savinay Nagendra","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-12T03:49:22Z","title":"PatchRefineNet: Improving Binary Segmentation by Incorporating Signals from Optimal Patch-wise Binarization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.06560","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3eabd85f1a19a38b6622b95397c0402a7a3a3cbb484777853be1d81e8cf4d8a4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"efe9ce7c230402d91ae9b0161b22164eca2288b53124943b34de441d685b861f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2022-11-12T03:49:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"99a9fbe966b34a9abf499468225542add01e0865d68fd5760b814adb449f76fb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.06560","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"a541c432c2be24a9ba3a61d9010d8bfb5f69b0d8f64ddc8b0b4157c5c5c0da51","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a541c432c2be24a9ba3a61d9010d8bfb5f69b0d8f64ddc8b0b4157c5c5c0da51","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58.056283Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58.056283Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lb1tpXCVMD7M1q/BHN74nLSjoBGrRml1Ytnb/kuskZ6GvJZ+Fbi/OJ1LntrHmGjErFJ5PbQ1Ju1B2kpaJF/hCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:49:58.056704Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2211.06560","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3eabd85f1a19a38b6622b95397c0402a7a3a3cbb484777853be1d81e8cf4d8a4","sha256:d0b0b593e68eef316f715527d828e248280ef069f169c22f0ef8026164f6a9d0"],"state_sha256":"37237f85f7d4854848b311f1e2209b5caa3d8291f4e183d796b368adf54e8050"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mUc0pcK0SxFt2g90lR+ahBrukJUw7EYRO2ZjP2FtwCgOdFMF2vpTl/4s5f8NHvT58apMAsjDZwDQfhmBv+5QBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T14:23:18.260931Z","bundle_sha256":"025d8763d525d750ec6bb2337f1017582d88887f404d288395585ace019cf612"}}