{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R","short_pith_number":"pith:UVPDWLEY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1406.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-30T23:30:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"81cfd89f1fd1d848fc6832913da59142cc5cc70878df5ffca70810c228a41481","abstract_canon_sha256":"cda899d89672c4175f0ac5a6de539d8c00ea9e9e842826d0f23c788a972b00cc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a55e3b2c989edbf2556c0cd41f5333e4460e7f11b92e5efb4fa3146ead2ff656","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1406.0035","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1406.0035","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1406.0035v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1406.0035","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UVPDWLEYT3N7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UVPDWLEY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1406.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-30T23:30:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"81cfd89f1fd1d848fc6832913da59142cc5cc70878df5ffca70810c228a41481","abstract_canon_sha256":"cda899d89672c4175f0ac5a6de539d8c00ea9e9e842826d0f23c788a972b00cc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a55e3b2c989edbf2556c0cd41f5333e4460e7f11b92e5efb4fa3146ead2ff656","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05.461273Z","signature_b64":"XGCys8Q1ae9/qGtZk5blC39ZA2CbQ+C+xU0HGy7qmDgSrGVMH09DZypfnX7nNg97CjgPXkE+DFHAM/EQel9cAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a55e3b2c989edbf2556c0cd41f5333e4460e7f11b92e5efb4fa3146ead2ff656","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05.460865Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05.460865Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1406.0035","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d2RKoDnLYGUvbHBRydp/3D2DX0wZoQ+ZOZdimW8MpNMVLnpv3qlRUmXsOF/mPXKlL80CH7rJlq6P9Iepq3Y+Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T16:07:50.435422Z"},"content_sha256":"af3c275835c695ff4cef8fbd519af2889eb0be08c0c35c2e50e3b80fa2e99820","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:af3c275835c695ff4cef8fbd519af2889eb0be08c0c35c2e50e3b80fa2e99820"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Nuclear enhancement of the photon yield in cosmic ray interactions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Igor V. Moskalenko (Stanford U.), Michael Kachelriess (NTNU), Sergey S. Ostapchenko (Stanford U.)","submitted_at":"2014-05-30T23:30:08Z","abstract_excerpt":"The concept of the nuclear enhancement factor has been used since the beginning of gamma-ray astronomy. It provides a simple and convenient way to account for the contribution of nuclei (A>1) in cosmic rays (CRs) and in the interstellar medium (ISM) to the diffuse gamma-ray emission. An accurate treatment of the dominant emission process, such as hadronic interactions of CRs with the ISM, enables one to study CR acceleration processes, CR propagation in the ISM, and provides a reliable background model for searches of new phenomena. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) launched in 2008 p"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1406.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LRlhiLPSxn4jccLk0elL4wvYjUb0azutHq3c/C9oRzXG4k00RG2gjINK6BXcRCCjQO5UuMqdZSiofzrYKlkkBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T16:07:50.436082Z"},"content_sha256":"9b435dd3c142f02228a05e0bafd884193740869b8f3dae4723867a94d46f5969","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9b435dd3c142f02228a05e0bafd884193740869b8f3dae4723867a94d46f5969"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T16:07:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLMBTKB6UZT4R","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cda899d89672c4175f0ac5a6de539d8c00ea9e9e842826d0f23c788a972b00cc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-30T23:30:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"81cfd89f1fd1d848fc6832913da59142cc5cc70878df5ffca70810c228a41481"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1406.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1406.0035","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1406.0035v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1406.0035","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UVPDWLEYT3N7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UVPDWLEYT3N7EVLM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UVPDWLEY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9b435dd3c142f02228a05e0bafd884193740869b8f3dae4723867a94d46f5969","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The concept of the nuclear enhancement factor has been used since the beginning of gamma-ray astronomy. It provides a simple and convenient way to account for the contribution of nuclei (A>1) in cosmic rays (CRs) and in the interstellar medium (ISM) to the diffuse gamma-ray emission. An accurate treatment of the dominant emission process, such as hadronic interactions of CRs with the ISM, enables one to study CR acceleration processes, CR propagation in the ISM, and provides a reliable background model for searches of new phenomena. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) launched in 2008 p","authors_text":"Igor V. Moskalenko (Stanford U.), Michael Kachelriess (NTNU), Sergey S. Ostapchenko (Stanford U.)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-30T23:30:08Z","title":"Nuclear enhancement of the photon yield in cosmic ray interactions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1406.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:af3c275835c695ff4cef8fbd519af2889eb0be08c0c35c2e50e3b80fa2e99820","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cda899d89672c4175f0ac5a6de539d8c00ea9e9e842826d0f23c788a972b00cc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-05-30T23:30:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"81cfd89f1fd1d848fc6832913da59142cc5cc70878df5ffca70810c228a41481"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1406.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a55e3b2c989edbf2556c0cd41f5333e4460e7f11b92e5efb4fa3146ead2ff656","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a55e3b2c989edbf2556c0cd41f5333e4460e7f11b92e5efb4fa3146ead2ff656","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05.460865Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05.460865Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"XGCys8Q1ae9/qGtZk5blC39ZA2CbQ+C+xU0HGy7qmDgSrGVMH09DZypfnX7nNg97CjgPXkE+DFHAM/EQel9cAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:27:05.461273Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1406.0035","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:af3c275835c695ff4cef8fbd519af2889eb0be08c0c35c2e50e3b80fa2e99820","sha256:9b435dd3c142f02228a05e0bafd884193740869b8f3dae4723867a94d46f5969"],"state_sha256":"ded7bfdd7c4d4ba3ed3dba37b438de08c7c341a4ceeb20481f953cfeb416e2c7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jL6hG1cEXQJWOTfCH/mf3x0KWJibJVYoJYvzbMYxrMSoZgvTY37x56zmp1hKIqKZB4FrUkZ0OFMgn4IvficTCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T16:07:50.439531Z","bundle_sha256":"3e5f13deddb8c1fc3204378feb500d537f4f8d1e42a9b938a18ba87327080bcd"}}