{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2022:UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE","short_pith_number":"pith:UXBZJVDO","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"a5c394d46eaceccb0ec81df7c566da71279885a34a3c7efd288db1071dcf551d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2203.07733","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Implications of the cosmological 21-cm absorption profile for high-redshift star formation and deep JWST surveys","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Girish Kulkarni (TIFR), Shikhar Mittal (TIFR)","submitted_at":"2022-03-15T08:57:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"Apart from its anomalously large depth, the cosmological 21-cm absorption signal measured by the EDGES collaboration also has a shape that is distinctly different from theoretical predictions. Models with non-traditional components such as super-adiabatic baryonic cooling or an excess radio background explain the depth of the observed profile, but still conspicuously fail to explain its shape. In this paper, we quantify the requirements imposed by the EDGES measurement on sources of Ly $\\alpha$ and X-ray photons in the presence of excess radio background at cosmic dawn. In extreme cases, the L"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2203.07733","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2022-03-15T08:57:07Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"7a36df1142229026a603e74ee8413af41d5e3dfcebe175564a31012e93652653","abstract_canon_sha256":"8e531e1d30d5a36af97915cf3c1db04e7ec4add7b1b4c9a79d897aac7d8ada30"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802930Z","signature_b64":"lIVT+WDUrKsLTVUuPaq0EULLk8ExiEoA9lWeWP2xi/dfiFZlOgziFlZwF85Ut09Wrv5rnyBpp5XZEtCWenHdDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a5c394d46eaceccb0ec81df7c566da71279885a34a3c7efd288db1071dcf551d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802465Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802465Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Implications of the cosmological 21-cm absorption profile for high-redshift star formation and deep JWST surveys","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Girish Kulkarni (TIFR), Shikhar Mittal (TIFR)","submitted_at":"2022-03-15T08:57:07Z","abstract_excerpt":"Apart from its anomalously large depth, the cosmological 21-cm absorption signal measured by the EDGES collaboration also has a shape that is distinctly different from theoretical predictions. Models with non-traditional components such as super-adiabatic baryonic cooling or an excess radio background explain the depth of the observed profile, but still conspicuously fail to explain its shape. In this paper, we quantify the requirements imposed by the EDGES measurement on sources of Ly $\\alpha$ and X-ray photons in the presence of excess radio background at cosmic dawn. In extreme cases, the L"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2203.07733","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2203.07733/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2203.07733","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2203.07733v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2203.07733","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UXBZJVDOVTWM","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWI","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802527+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UXBZJVDO","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802527+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":1,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2505.04687","citing_title":"The Impact of Early Massive Galaxy Formation on the Cosmic Microwave Background","ref_index":66,"is_internal_anchor":true}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE","json":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UXBZJVDO"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UXBZJVDO","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2203.07733&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/UXBZJVDOVTWMWDWIDX34KZW2OE/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802527+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T04:45:17.802527+00:00"}