{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN","short_pith_number":"pith:UZQNTWB7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.03834","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-12-11T21:33:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"a416f159880f73bca3fc778e6ca0205d59d525eebd8fa3e833702544b4f64ab0","abstract_canon_sha256":"38690899ecd2e7d523b45953bb79291e91f004c505e91c02599b2e7ca84695ea"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a660d9d83fd80f46974c47b63bf9b89b6b3a422f7969386e41fdc5b34533e879","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1512.03834","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.03834","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.03834v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.03834","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UZQNTWB73AHU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UZQNTWB73AHUNF2M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UZQNTWB7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.03834","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-12-11T21:33:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"a416f159880f73bca3fc778e6ca0205d59d525eebd8fa3e833702544b4f64ab0","abstract_canon_sha256":"38690899ecd2e7d523b45953bb79291e91f004c505e91c02599b2e7ca84695ea"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a660d9d83fd80f46974c47b63bf9b89b6b3a422f7969386e41fdc5b34533e879","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41.579241Z","signature_b64":"Y5rHSV9uG03Y5aLmXwzPU/kRQ4I6AHDLtcEPUrPUCZf+N8uH7oMz9akNEb8q5aGAeluYta5EXTX+yk6EQPjVDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a660d9d83fd80f46974c47b63bf9b89b6b3a422f7969386e41fdc5b34533e879","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41.578573Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41.578573Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1512.03834","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2a/MmY1l8dcMtKyAbqMP/jj+ms8M6sfrpnynQMsy94jhVpMLpmMnKB4HIVshaQdn8Td+f0lVBrldQp5zUJI8CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:05:45.079052Z"},"content_sha256":"78419e2553f4ee302969ad1d008617c66f4b2e4fb7700fdfb1d2eca441988d35","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:78419e2553f4ee302969ad1d008617c66f4b2e4fb7700fdfb1d2eca441988d35"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Are the Formation and Abundances of Metal-Poor Stars the Result of Dust Dynamics?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Charlie Conroy (Harvard), Philip F. Hopkins (Caltech)","submitted_at":"2015-12-11T21:33:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large dust grains can fluctuate dramatically in their local density, relative to gas, in neutral, turbulent disks. Small, high-redshift galaxies (before reionization) represent ideal environments for this process. We show via simple arguments and simulations that order-of-magnitude fluctuations are expected in local abundances of large grains under these conditions. This can have important consequences for star formation and stellar abundances in extremely metal-poor stars. Low-mass stars could form in dust-enhanced regions almost immediately after some dust forms, even if the galaxy-average m"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.03834","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fHNfNaFtsJ/PjO0CPLag2B5W2aUYGYEHKy8TczUhBiPw+npDj3GgCBB6dWtE9RcITgx7E89EJtYcAbJYrQESBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:05:45.079500Z"},"content_sha256":"5d604cc5fc2e7dbef6abbb073e926dc9986325133ef62ad307aaad80bcfd75a3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5d604cc5fc2e7dbef6abbb073e926dc9986325133ef62ad307aaad80bcfd75a3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T22:05:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:UZQNTWB73AHUNF2MI63DX6NYTN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"38690899ecd2e7d523b45953bb79291e91f004c505e91c02599b2e7ca84695ea","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-12-11T21:33:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"a416f159880f73bca3fc778e6ca0205d59d525eebd8fa3e833702544b4f64ab0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1512.03834","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.03834","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.03834v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.03834","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UZQNTWB73AHU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UZQNTWB73AHUNF2M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UZQNTWB7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5d604cc5fc2e7dbef6abbb073e926dc9986325133ef62ad307aaad80bcfd75a3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large dust grains can fluctuate dramatically in their local density, relative to gas, in neutral, turbulent disks. Small, high-redshift galaxies (before reionization) represent ideal environments for this process. We show via simple arguments and simulations that order-of-magnitude fluctuations are expected in local abundances of large grains under these conditions. This can have important consequences for star formation and stellar abundances in extremely metal-poor stars. Low-mass stars could form in dust-enhanced regions almost immediately after some dust forms, even if the galaxy-average m","authors_text":"Charlie Conroy (Harvard), Philip F. Hopkins (Caltech)","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-12-11T21:33:43Z","title":"Are the Formation and Abundances of Metal-Poor Stars the Result of Dust Dynamics?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.03834","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:78419e2553f4ee302969ad1d008617c66f4b2e4fb7700fdfb1d2eca441988d35","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"38690899ecd2e7d523b45953bb79291e91f004c505e91c02599b2e7ca84695ea","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-12-11T21:33:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"a416f159880f73bca3fc778e6ca0205d59d525eebd8fa3e833702544b4f64ab0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1512.03834","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a660d9d83fd80f46974c47b63bf9b89b6b3a422f7969386e41fdc5b34533e879","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a660d9d83fd80f46974c47b63bf9b89b6b3a422f7969386e41fdc5b34533e879","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41.578573Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41.578573Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Y5rHSV9uG03Y5aLmXwzPU/kRQ4I6AHDLtcEPUrPUCZf+N8uH7oMz9akNEb8q5aGAeluYta5EXTX+yk6EQPjVDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:41.579241Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1512.03834","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:78419e2553f4ee302969ad1d008617c66f4b2e4fb7700fdfb1d2eca441988d35","sha256:5d604cc5fc2e7dbef6abbb073e926dc9986325133ef62ad307aaad80bcfd75a3"],"state_sha256":"e54488da61db9142c25811ccd8d54d63a9e8c38dbde7e57e67d3d3992e6dd40f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SYtFaY3RM+WNNg1IpCgyVDTwiN+0KTDldo3nH8RxiCpzhTDl9Jv62H7KYMrPDcGhsu7bh6KLWGgtE16aNPpYBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T22:05:45.082115Z","bundle_sha256":"9c0281e1631621f7c8a6da56e4ea00825ee1a37c7fbfd318e62c203e96b17a6c"}}