{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:UZYY2US5YH7WFLWQJQRQF5QMQE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cbeb18862d72d5eb91e701e9654cdc2999415285d9da90c80a70c7566a6d9a5b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.GT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T14:22:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"b4f3405aa230a9ce25a5e1b0ff9e4054afc521bbec3ded35edf9ba9b6a6bb873"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.15239","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.15239","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.15239v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.15239","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UZYY2US5YH7W","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UZYY2US5YH7WFLWQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UZYY2US5","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:47477eff6db1cd5d750ec5e6137c95e692a513062833509c5d434ca43660cb4f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2303.15239/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Public blockchains group submitted transactions into batches, called blocks. A natural question is how to determine which transactions are included in these batches. In this note, we show a gap between the welfare of so-called `fair' ordering, namely first-in-first-out (an ideal that a number of blockchain protocols strive to achieve), where the first transactions to arrive are the ones put into the block, and the welfare of `optimal' inclusion that is, at least approximately, welfare-maximizing, such as choosing which transactions are included in a block via an auction. We show this gap is po","authors_text":"Guillermo Angeris, Theo Diamandis","cross_cats":["cs.GT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T14:22:28Z","title":"A Note on the Welfare Gap in Fair Ordering"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.15239","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2833e0b5c9d94103700bfde1f617201dbcdf8171ecdcd34ed3fbb81e7422b39c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cbeb18862d72d5eb91e701e9654cdc2999415285d9da90c80a70c7566a6d9a5b","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.GT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2023-03-27T14:22:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"b4f3405aa230a9ce25a5e1b0ff9e4054afc521bbec3ded35edf9ba9b6a6bb873"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.15239","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a6718d525dc1ff62aed04c2302f60c81177b9a82f2bfaf9a3217b94587455dfe","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a6718d525dc1ff62aed04c2302f60c81177b9a82f2bfaf9a3217b94587455dfe","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39.739118Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39.739118Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FIGD9TTvHRLNJDgK0Kffbl/npTMF5++ionm2dMp0Cap4xW3CC6awVfdQS3jDNKo6GeXAv9f8urf8s2TqlXtkBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:50:39.739803Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2303.15239","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2833e0b5c9d94103700bfde1f617201dbcdf8171ecdcd34ed3fbb81e7422b39c","sha256:47477eff6db1cd5d750ec5e6137c95e692a513062833509c5d434ca43660cb4f"],"state_sha256":"47c7cff5871a89754cf4dcf207e18dcb49bb0c7b161f6188369d90e6fab0ec1d"}