{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS","short_pith_number":"pith:V2LOVB36","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1709.04589","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2017-09-14T02:02:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5e9122702cb6216b05b699f87ac53844aebbe242bbc3a573685003afedbf70e9","abstract_canon_sha256":"91326a342d2d3c9c0287ecda7e060fd9b836522c4ca54301465331505ed05708"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ae96ea877ea35d6ee9847eb9baa32b84ac22baf29d1b6e07a66c33b32b6912d8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1709.04589","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1709.04589","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1709.04589v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1709.04589","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"V2LOVB36UNOW","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"V2LOVB36UNOW52ME","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"V2LOVB36","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1709.04589","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2017-09-14T02:02:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5e9122702cb6216b05b699f87ac53844aebbe242bbc3a573685003afedbf70e9","abstract_canon_sha256":"91326a342d2d3c9c0287ecda7e060fd9b836522c4ca54301465331505ed05708"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ae96ea877ea35d6ee9847eb9baa32b84ac22baf29d1b6e07a66c33b32b6912d8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32.890900Z","signature_b64":"X0XIV9Ul1OqxsiLA17nc2n+0TJLqNdxFjxs0kk5qSFLx3orJlfpdT+RrbkNkbml8FlihT9NTb+t6RR/vHgQIAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ae96ea877ea35d6ee9847eb9baa32b84ac22baf29d1b6e07a66c33b32b6912d8","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32.890465Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32.890465Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1709.04589","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YxT+FXxpdohA54apnSvAXy7hnGkG/Pdth8+tbLGBnJETHKqzYRSkIrwpvfYQWZynw4MPDQ4QyyikeG7REeuEDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T05:03:21.627025Z"},"content_sha256":"fc88377814d2df1b1726b9516127116f322547d3beb913f92e30193523ee5934","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fc88377814d2df1b1726b9516127116f322547d3beb913f92e30193523ee5934"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Generalizing causal inferences from individuals in randomized trials to all trial-eligible individuals","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Elizabeth Stuart, Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen, Issa Dahabreh, Miguel Hernan, Sarah Robertson","submitted_at":"2017-09-14T02:02:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"We consider methods for causal inference in randomized trials nested within cohorts of trial-eligible individuals, including those who are not randomized. We show how baseline covariate data from the entire cohort, and treatment and outcome data only from randomized individuals, can be used to identify potential (counterfactual) outcome means and average treatment effects in the target population of all eligible individuals. We review identifiability conditions, propose estimators, and assess the estimators' finite-sample performance in simulation studies. As an illustration, we apply the esti"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1709.04589","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1709.04589/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2Pqjrp0wKAVyXyt0ZvmTPBjgOkekYm86VQj42uQvUVwRAhBUHuNQKQ6i4lIS7y8PracqGraRXbRPo28ObemICA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T05:03:21.628041Z"},"content_sha256":"ed2a8e0d90ef62cacc846d7504fa4f4561c1983533930ead9599f8d359b4b165","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ed2a8e0d90ef62cacc846d7504fa4f4561c1983533930ead9599f8d359b4b165"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T05:03:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:V2LOVB36UNOW52MEP243VIZLQS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"91326a342d2d3c9c0287ecda7e060fd9b836522c4ca54301465331505ed05708","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2017-09-14T02:02:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"5e9122702cb6216b05b699f87ac53844aebbe242bbc3a573685003afedbf70e9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1709.04589","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1709.04589","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1709.04589v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1709.04589","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"V2LOVB36UNOW","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"V2LOVB36UNOW52ME","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"V2LOVB36","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ed2a8e0d90ef62cacc846d7504fa4f4561c1983533930ead9599f8d359b4b165","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1709.04589/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We consider methods for causal inference in randomized trials nested within cohorts of trial-eligible individuals, including those who are not randomized. We show how baseline covariate data from the entire cohort, and treatment and outcome data only from randomized individuals, can be used to identify potential (counterfactual) outcome means and average treatment effects in the target population of all eligible individuals. We review identifiability conditions, propose estimators, and assess the estimators' finite-sample performance in simulation studies. As an illustration, we apply the esti","authors_text":"Elizabeth Stuart, Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen, Issa Dahabreh, Miguel Hernan, Sarah Robertson","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2017-09-14T02:02:31Z","title":"Generalizing causal inferences from individuals in randomized trials to all trial-eligible individuals"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1709.04589","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fc88377814d2df1b1726b9516127116f322547d3beb913f92e30193523ee5934","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"91326a342d2d3c9c0287ecda7e060fd9b836522c4ca54301465331505ed05708","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2017-09-14T02:02:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"5e9122702cb6216b05b699f87ac53844aebbe242bbc3a573685003afedbf70e9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1709.04589","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"ae96ea877ea35d6ee9847eb9baa32b84ac22baf29d1b6e07a66c33b32b6912d8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ae96ea877ea35d6ee9847eb9baa32b84ac22baf29d1b6e07a66c33b32b6912d8","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32.890465Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32.890465Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"X0XIV9Ul1OqxsiLA17nc2n+0TJLqNdxFjxs0kk5qSFLx3orJlfpdT+RrbkNkbml8FlihT9NTb+t6RR/vHgQIAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:15:32.890900Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1709.04589","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fc88377814d2df1b1726b9516127116f322547d3beb913f92e30193523ee5934","sha256:ed2a8e0d90ef62cacc846d7504fa4f4561c1983533930ead9599f8d359b4b165"],"state_sha256":"f93330181e18ade47a3c8c6e68c15ab38b32933aa292ad732c1f36beebccc94c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pIRD8w6pytjhyMlmZ4BcqOw3HhNGbKh5/QqNN9dxMvRzwCTT4kCUchGIvO8E4zOSQqSAZoOJu6YONaxQ8OdDBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T05:03:21.631808Z","bundle_sha256":"458b77a4aa7d37ab5a2cee252b22d11e81aa528ec20dccc8cbab2bf377a38776"}}