{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2014:V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV","short_pith_number":"pith:V4QZNE6A","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"af219693c0b07414e8e4459002092b354a3031f8f9480c8fab729e85bec83652","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1404.6434","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Extreme CII emission in type 2 quasars at z~2.5: a signature of kappa-distributed electron energies?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Andrew Humphrey, Luc Binette","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T14:38:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the flux ratio between the 1335 A and 2326 A lines of singly ionized carbon in the extended narrow line regions of type 2 quasars at z~2.5. We find the observed CII 1335 / CII] 2326 flux ratio, which is not sensitive to the C/H abundance ratio, to be often several times higher than predicted by the canonical AGN photoionization models that use solar metallicity and a Maxwell-Boltzmann electron energy distribution. We study several potential solutions for this discrepancy: low gas metallicity, shock ionization, continuum fluorescence, and kappa-distributed electron energies. Alth"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.6434","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T14:38:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"69c6ef5f25567a60074a773ad7f6a8f5e13a29255cd88dd6b2205d452aa9357a","abstract_canon_sha256":"15b69b47b516b775783ffeb7ddd6147122d2145bffb61afe46d1e1b92847d7b2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:23.261378Z","signature_b64":"qSG5AtP+fZNq9sKjlJRGkwPYhzIRbp24m4v4v02kf76gOln95/2P2JaoQBzWu3IlyLyB7lBNcp7A3rmd2WYGBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"af219693c0b07414e8e4459002092b354a3031f8f9480c8fab729e85bec83652","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:23.260753Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:23.260753Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Extreme CII emission in type 2 quasars at z~2.5: a signature of kappa-distributed electron energies?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Andrew Humphrey, Luc Binette","submitted_at":"2014-04-25T14:38:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate the flux ratio between the 1335 A and 2326 A lines of singly ionized carbon in the extended narrow line regions of type 2 quasars at z~2.5. We find the observed CII 1335 / CII] 2326 flux ratio, which is not sensitive to the C/H abundance ratio, to be often several times higher than predicted by the canonical AGN photoionization models that use solar metallicity and a Maxwell-Boltzmann electron energy distribution. We study several potential solutions for this discrepancy: low gas metallicity, shock ionization, continuum fluorescence, and kappa-distributed electron energies. Alth"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.6434","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.6434","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:23.260839+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.6434v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:23.260839+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.6434","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:23.260839+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"V4QZNE6AWB2B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52.271510+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52.271510+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"V4QZNE6A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52.271510+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV","json":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/V4QZNE6A"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/V4QZNE6A","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1404.6434&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/V4QZNE6AWB2BJ2HEIWIAECJLGV/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:23.260839+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:43:23.260839+00:00"}