{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5","short_pith_number":"pith:V7FYX74M","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2305.14137","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2023-05-23T15:01:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"3db3815d59fb8f971f325514c8345154c085e8f22fe3849fbb72d8280ca841cb","abstract_canon_sha256":"331b1852bd79e08dc63862616e41160a17ce32b446b410607f148360d2107e07"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"afcb8bff8cc3f7a3825cab4bf1f0ec875570dbd81bec7d94fa370d0ff7501b34","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2305.14137","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2305.14137","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2305.14137v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.14137","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"V7FYX74MYP32","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"V7FYX74MYP32HAS4","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"V7FYX74M","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2305.14137","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2023-05-23T15:01:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"3db3815d59fb8f971f325514c8345154c085e8f22fe3849fbb72d8280ca841cb","abstract_canon_sha256":"331b1852bd79e08dc63862616e41160a17ce32b446b410607f148360d2107e07"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"afcb8bff8cc3f7a3825cab4bf1f0ec875570dbd81bec7d94fa370d0ff7501b34","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41.293326Z","signature_b64":"ZoirAulu1UdvyjcJqtJKq1A9/J/5osbots2xSpX+WlnuMOpghMNAxk9SmWZCiyWFJVbxas4KGVa0vmf9KncfAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"afcb8bff8cc3f7a3825cab4bf1f0ec875570dbd81bec7d94fa370d0ff7501b34","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41.292824Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41.292824Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2305.14137","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6BOczfdc+2nVznkKty/lP2Yuua5/jxHHPXvHcvp+TWHdgIB6SqIG4UOv1VsJQQ3Dk6zoFf2p9ptqumDZ2DjiBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T06:16:45.293273Z"},"content_sha256":"bba913e60a5a66717aeed17b660975adb2eef99429378baac224e3092d0d2dcc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bba913e60a5a66717aeed17b660975adb2eef99429378baac224e3092d0d2dcc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Goodness of fit by Neyman-Pearson testing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Andrea Wulzer, Gaia Grosso, Marco Letizia, Maurizio Pierini","submitted_at":"2023-05-23T15:01:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Neyman-Pearson strategy for hypothesis testing can be employed for goodness of fit if the alternative hypothesis is selected from data by exploring a rich parametrised family of models, while controlling the impact of statistical fluctuations. The New Physics Learning Machine (NPLM) methodology has been developed as a concrete implementation of this idea, to target the detection of new physical effects in the context of high energy physics collider experiments. In this paper we conduct a comparison of this approach to goodness of fit with others, in particular with classifier-based strateg"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2305.14137","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2305.14137/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OdGfZYd5EMOadU/sj6PNE1sjiyADyt9ADOom9pkHHG1oRwYN/qQd86ZdAEkEYtKeH64ihwG1I9vcNcvdmKkqCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T06:16:45.294101Z"},"content_sha256":"f9c4a94c9a6ca974ebafe4df1dc9f8419eb85a0ca17cde062c8b38e350b1fd62","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f9c4a94c9a6ca974ebafe4df1dc9f8419eb85a0ca17cde062c8b38e350b1fd62"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T06:16:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:V7FYX74MYP32HAS4VNF7D4HMQ5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"331b1852bd79e08dc63862616e41160a17ce32b446b410607f148360d2107e07","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2023-05-23T15:01:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"3db3815d59fb8f971f325514c8345154c085e8f22fe3849fbb72d8280ca841cb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2305.14137","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2305.14137","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2305.14137v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.14137","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"V7FYX74MYP32","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"V7FYX74MYP32HAS4","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"V7FYX74M","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f9c4a94c9a6ca974ebafe4df1dc9f8419eb85a0ca17cde062c8b38e350b1fd62","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2305.14137/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Neyman-Pearson strategy for hypothesis testing can be employed for goodness of fit if the alternative hypothesis is selected from data by exploring a rich parametrised family of models, while controlling the impact of statistical fluctuations. The New Physics Learning Machine (NPLM) methodology has been developed as a concrete implementation of this idea, to target the detection of new physical effects in the context of high energy physics collider experiments. In this paper we conduct a comparison of this approach to goodness of fit with others, in particular with classifier-based strateg","authors_text":"Andrea Wulzer, Gaia Grosso, Marco Letizia, Maurizio Pierini","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2023-05-23T15:01:45Z","title":"Goodness of fit by Neyman-Pearson testing"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2305.14137","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bba913e60a5a66717aeed17b660975adb2eef99429378baac224e3092d0d2dcc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"331b1852bd79e08dc63862616e41160a17ce32b446b410607f148360d2107e07","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2023-05-23T15:01:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"3db3815d59fb8f971f325514c8345154c085e8f22fe3849fbb72d8280ca841cb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2305.14137","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"afcb8bff8cc3f7a3825cab4bf1f0ec875570dbd81bec7d94fa370d0ff7501b34","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"afcb8bff8cc3f7a3825cab4bf1f0ec875570dbd81bec7d94fa370d0ff7501b34","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41.292824Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41.292824Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ZoirAulu1UdvyjcJqtJKq1A9/J/5osbots2xSpX+WlnuMOpghMNAxk9SmWZCiyWFJVbxas4KGVa0vmf9KncfAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:18:41.293326Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2305.14137","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bba913e60a5a66717aeed17b660975adb2eef99429378baac224e3092d0d2dcc","sha256:f9c4a94c9a6ca974ebafe4df1dc9f8419eb85a0ca17cde062c8b38e350b1fd62"],"state_sha256":"cfa57b7a001425bcb90912e9c82be44b38fb00893d4fc8cba59f7fb481ceaa15"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pbkYDvj0Q0eVS1R05+HHeqF1vgOzqNE6MwgZ8gEToI723C14+cGm23DBmxyqoXdfBIJ3SU1ewpN2NXPcXwXaCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T06:16:45.301303Z","bundle_sha256":"4f52716779b8849bbe15cfd583ca57901572046cd89e64a00cce3f71556ebe9e"}}