{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ","short_pith_number":"pith:VCTRY3GL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1804.09601","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2018-04-25T14:40:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c983323752fc20932b63d254ac0233884ad1446f9faecbf0e62785578e06a352","abstract_canon_sha256":"d91f14efcb243c59bdf89917eefaaa6d30b26c882c966a416af7ee5ad8f9c854"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a8a71c6ccb9c7848459289523032bc124aabbdcd4d3051b4fad553423d5a11fb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1804.09601","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1804.09601","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1804.09601v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1804.09601","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VCTRY3GLTR4E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VCTRY3GL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1804.09601","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2018-04-25T14:40:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c983323752fc20932b63d254ac0233884ad1446f9faecbf0e62785578e06a352","abstract_canon_sha256":"d91f14efcb243c59bdf89917eefaaa6d30b26c882c966a416af7ee5ad8f9c854"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a8a71c6ccb9c7848459289523032bc124aabbdcd4d3051b4fad553423d5a11fb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31.287345Z","signature_b64":"VfnQNJ9YuhPmUFmRw0bD8BUz4QURIHqSQMqnmU8FvjMb50lB2lyMkldYiqA1oTzixHQxjR9o7jGxoT0TvJNRAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a8a71c6ccb9c7848459289523032bc124aabbdcd4d3051b4fad553423d5a11fb","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31.286709Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31.286709Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1804.09601","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"s8Y2AQT5OKpZzBr+YSfC7aprxnLhH/0SvMJhZYaUBsMzFgug+tOtgkPDj8p+ZjsrWDaeAsUf9aaKRrYslIgZCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T09:36:18.237166Z"},"content_sha256":"108bfe3f3e607709a5f2a8acbb9e487d4da55a1ca31896c1c07d04a126d52a8f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:108bfe3f3e607709a5f2a8acbb9e487d4da55a1ca31896c1c07d04a126d52a8f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimizing gas networks using adjoint gradients","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CE","authors_text":"Conor O'Malley, Drosos Kourounis, Gabriela Hug, Olaf Schenk","submitted_at":"2018-04-25T14:40:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"An increasing amount of gas-fired power plants are currently being installed in modern power grids worldwide. This is due to their low cost and the inherent flexibility offered to the electrical network, particularly in the face of increasing renewable generation. However, the integration and operation of gas generators poses additional challenges to gas network operators, mainly because they can induce rapid changes in the demand. This paper presents an efficient minimization scheme of gas compression costs under dynamic conditions where deliveries to customers are described by time-dependent"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1804.09601","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vrj4mTkHkxJ1w0bub9DJyF3kiBNjXagxxbxnjFgcZbwJo+efalZtGRDC9uFuBGcNitm/UcDynrbLQWtlj9FcAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T09:36:18.237962Z"},"content_sha256":"d8c204c584e49be82e569ea2e2b12601a627f26a6f18f3a102da5e340b7c601a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d8c204c584e49be82e569ea2e2b12601a627f26a6f18f3a102da5e340b7c601a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T09:36:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMSRFJDAMV4CJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d91f14efcb243c59bdf89917eefaaa6d30b26c882c966a416af7ee5ad8f9c854","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2018-04-25T14:40:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"c983323752fc20932b63d254ac0233884ad1446f9faecbf0e62785578e06a352"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1804.09601","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1804.09601","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1804.09601v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1804.09601","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VCTRY3GLTR4E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VCTRY3GLTR4EQRMS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VCTRY3GL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d8c204c584e49be82e569ea2e2b12601a627f26a6f18f3a102da5e340b7c601a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"An increasing amount of gas-fired power plants are currently being installed in modern power grids worldwide. This is due to their low cost and the inherent flexibility offered to the electrical network, particularly in the face of increasing renewable generation. However, the integration and operation of gas generators poses additional challenges to gas network operators, mainly because they can induce rapid changes in the demand. This paper presents an efficient minimization scheme of gas compression costs under dynamic conditions where deliveries to customers are described by time-dependent","authors_text":"Conor O'Malley, Drosos Kourounis, Gabriela Hug, Olaf Schenk","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2018-04-25T14:40:54Z","title":"Optimizing gas networks using adjoint gradients"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1804.09601","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:108bfe3f3e607709a5f2a8acbb9e487d4da55a1ca31896c1c07d04a126d52a8f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d91f14efcb243c59bdf89917eefaaa6d30b26c882c966a416af7ee5ad8f9c854","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2018-04-25T14:40:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"c983323752fc20932b63d254ac0233884ad1446f9faecbf0e62785578e06a352"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1804.09601","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"a8a71c6ccb9c7848459289523032bc124aabbdcd4d3051b4fad553423d5a11fb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a8a71c6ccb9c7848459289523032bc124aabbdcd4d3051b4fad553423d5a11fb","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31.286709Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31.286709Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VfnQNJ9YuhPmUFmRw0bD8BUz4QURIHqSQMqnmU8FvjMb50lB2lyMkldYiqA1oTzixHQxjR9o7jGxoT0TvJNRAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:17:31.287345Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1804.09601","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:108bfe3f3e607709a5f2a8acbb9e487d4da55a1ca31896c1c07d04a126d52a8f","sha256:d8c204c584e49be82e569ea2e2b12601a627f26a6f18f3a102da5e340b7c601a"],"state_sha256":"c163a64e8aad5e7fbff99c4a189fc6574478384888d52f85eee8dab3e2608186"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4m6ZI1hI1aBWQfHDEy+PV0NIr7oU8lGveFrg2CJdDmYun+moGLIR+tqJLGheZvh69PuNCaZNSRNy8mIvfgwhDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T09:36:18.242848Z","bundle_sha256":"8cf42f5d8bf4856203ac0ca16f375dfbbc4684e7e5f7bfcac7bff8dab8d2e6c3"}}