{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:VDRIUOP6LDB3RWDVXWI43STYRN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a15ea055d27d689e025c06528cacf8aecbf562b5ead39fb208cc6462bc14ff0a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2016-08-26T13:17:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"1344b79f537196520dfe5854435e12edffec5c7354b207c789e6ab365e63c100"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1608.07451","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1608.07451","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1608.07451v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1608.07451","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VDRIUOP6LDB3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VDRIUOP6LDB3RWDV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VDRIUOP6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5041c5e89ed17b62afd7ac00de5ea58f7da529201cd20167955aadf6461ff30f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Analytic expressions are presented for the dark current-voltage relation $J(V)$ of a $pn^+$ junction with positively charged columnar grain boundaries with high defect density. These expressions apply to non-depleted grains with sufficiently high bulk hole mobilities. The accuracy of the formulas is verified by direct comparison to numerical simulations. Numerical simulations further show that the dark $J(V)$ can be used to determine the open circuit potential $V_{\\rm oc}$ of an illuminated junction for a given short-circuit current density $J_{\\rm sc}$ . A precise relation between the grain b","authors_text":"Benoit Gaury, Paul M. Haney","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2016-08-26T13:17:18Z","title":"Charged grain boundaries reduce the open circuit voltage of polycrystalline solar cells--An analytical description"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1608.07451","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b85243eefc22ba4e49b9680d5ba970579a335ad3a97c30ff2efbbfa576b115cc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a15ea055d27d689e025c06528cacf8aecbf562b5ead39fb208cc6462bc14ff0a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2016-08-26T13:17:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"1344b79f537196520dfe5854435e12edffec5c7354b207c789e6ab365e63c100"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1608.07451","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a8e28a39fe58c3b8d875bd91cdca788b6fb6bb757f03047bc66fb0f7a35a0f1a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a8e28a39fe58c3b8d875bd91cdca788b6fb6bb757f03047bc66fb0f7a35a0f1a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:42.690155Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:42.690155Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"7PkqCLAIBpB6VfKJbcQTKf+DC4aSTulWI2aJ8SUoXkJ5LcGzQmN+7aknFQ/NTLvjLGgf3ytQd0X6yW25EF9tCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:54:42.690853Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1608.07451","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b85243eefc22ba4e49b9680d5ba970579a335ad3a97c30ff2efbbfa576b115cc","sha256:5041c5e89ed17b62afd7ac00de5ea58f7da529201cd20167955aadf6461ff30f"],"state_sha256":"96264f0ec3024da563b95f54a3f9bb10e2098c1758ce31b148c66ff9bba18634"}