{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ","short_pith_number":"pith:VJ24MYAX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.01889","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2017-10-05T06:00:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","physics.bio-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"be59216f134b306fa73086a5f34c091602c5c569eeddca9cd671e2577a0f2378","abstract_canon_sha256":"68ef8e3c2d3c2f605cddd89de371aa36ea01c1c116c95681662b50b610bf8226"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"aa75c660176dc73a5c7e2094dad7778248e93f345b1f96a3675e427f8fb657ef","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1710.01889","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.01889","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.01889v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.01889","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VJ24MYAXNXDT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VJ24MYAX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.01889","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2017-10-05T06:00:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","physics.bio-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"be59216f134b306fa73086a5f34c091602c5c569eeddca9cd671e2577a0f2378","abstract_canon_sha256":"68ef8e3c2d3c2f605cddd89de371aa36ea01c1c116c95681662b50b610bf8226"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"aa75c660176dc73a5c7e2094dad7778248e93f345b1f96a3675e427f8fb657ef","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12.742925Z","signature_b64":"abQjIfalLnS0YBA26On1zscXRvAGR8BjTELadlLqoinKHEwbiIeSTX1PY8MB1UGKs121kOYWBvcIqnXQ6nsIBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"aa75c660176dc73a5c7e2094dad7778248e93f345b1f96a3675e427f8fb657ef","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12.742369Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12.742369Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1710.01889","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bymfRn/oQkGglk+eCr9rjGTM/cRx+2QHhy1XbZAV2agxfuRrWsOqSu51aVUqHbMtnntKAfr28jr7AzqXm158BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T18:52:31.319233Z"},"content_sha256":"6d024c0deaa8a5369db1e8ee71c08d14ae0f7590f6fd3246a72ca2c3c8ca2d79","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6d024c0deaa8a5369db1e8ee71c08d14ae0f7590f6fd3246a72ca2c3c8ca2d79"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Emergence of L\\'evy walks from second order stochastic optimization","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.AO","physics.bio-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"{\\L}ukasz Ku\\'smierz, Taro Toyoizumi","submitted_at":"2017-10-05T06:00:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"In natural foraging, many organisms seem to perform two different types of motile search: directed search (taxis) and random search. The former is observed when the environment provides cues to guide motion towards a target. The latter involves no apparent memory or information processing and can be mathematically modeled by random walks. We show that both types of search can be generated by a common mechanism in which L\\'evy flights or L\\'evy walks emerge from a second-order gradient-based search with noisy observations. No explicit switching mechanism is required -- instead, continuous trans"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.01889","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wbZ2SerEOl/VSkU9NE3W4jbgqww8oAq54FmU065Pz8ZkGAiN54zArocjgA855yg0DQmdZoQc9ARi2KcdIvr7BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T18:52:31.319866Z"},"content_sha256":"32e69b02c177b874beffe0cf33010f2be511740fa91efefd1f050124ea72dbfe","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:32e69b02c177b874beffe0cf33010f2be511740fa91efefd1f050124ea72dbfe"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T18:52:31Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6ECKNVV3XQJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"68ef8e3c2d3c2f605cddd89de371aa36ea01c1c116c95681662b50b610bf8226","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","physics.bio-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2017-10-05T06:00:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"be59216f134b306fa73086a5f34c091602c5c569eeddca9cd671e2577a0f2378"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.01889","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.01889","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.01889v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.01889","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VJ24MYAXNXDT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VJ24MYAXNXDTUXD6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VJ24MYAX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:32e69b02c177b874beffe0cf33010f2be511740fa91efefd1f050124ea72dbfe","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In natural foraging, many organisms seem to perform two different types of motile search: directed search (taxis) and random search. The former is observed when the environment provides cues to guide motion towards a target. The latter involves no apparent memory or information processing and can be mathematically modeled by random walks. We show that both types of search can be generated by a common mechanism in which L\\'evy flights or L\\'evy walks emerge from a second-order gradient-based search with noisy observations. No explicit switching mechanism is required -- instead, continuous trans","authors_text":"{\\L}ukasz Ku\\'smierz, Taro Toyoizumi","cross_cats":["nlin.AO","physics.bio-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2017-10-05T06:00:55Z","title":"Emergence of L\\'evy walks from second order stochastic optimization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.01889","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6d024c0deaa8a5369db1e8ee71c08d14ae0f7590f6fd3246a72ca2c3c8ca2d79","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"68ef8e3c2d3c2f605cddd89de371aa36ea01c1c116c95681662b50b610bf8226","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","physics.bio-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2017-10-05T06:00:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"be59216f134b306fa73086a5f34c091602c5c569eeddca9cd671e2577a0f2378"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.01889","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"aa75c660176dc73a5c7e2094dad7778248e93f345b1f96a3675e427f8fb657ef","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"aa75c660176dc73a5c7e2094dad7778248e93f345b1f96a3675e427f8fb657ef","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12.742369Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12.742369Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"abQjIfalLnS0YBA26On1zscXRvAGR8BjTELadlLqoinKHEwbiIeSTX1PY8MB1UGKs121kOYWBvcIqnXQ6nsIBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:12.742925Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1710.01889","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6d024c0deaa8a5369db1e8ee71c08d14ae0f7590f6fd3246a72ca2c3c8ca2d79","sha256:32e69b02c177b874beffe0cf33010f2be511740fa91efefd1f050124ea72dbfe"],"state_sha256":"f0ea211f93ac91c56dc2fe1db09159664dce1c7b805ec876049c8071df6acbcc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZHMIT/v72qOrFKI+WItjaQBCM9xmLXjgegvpTxPIcz2XzW43k+v/Ptz+v2jt1A1X1A5Q5sbVT0ULorZyY908Cg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T18:52:31.323191Z","bundle_sha256":"47bede4f6424f136b3c2afed48791d86d1d74c4d295a4d780b588fc75e8ce83a"}}