{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2002:VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI","short_pith_number":"pith:VLNIRENO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0206495","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-06-27T20:35:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"25ec0272dbd7bcde7b182caa8e09dae326d6d2e6b71cbfd9a1dcbcc5cfc0d253","abstract_canon_sha256":"f09b264e1a1ac422c6bdc2ce1a86dd344bf860e8a5d7fe5d5cbc5e1790e7b79e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"aada8891ae5695ce2f674420d498e872237b2ac21b2273d59f7589536f5a9380","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0206495","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0206495","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0206495v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0206495","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VLNIRENOK2K4","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VLNIRENOK2K44L3H","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VLNIRENO","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2002:VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0206495","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-06-27T20:35:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"25ec0272dbd7bcde7b182caa8e09dae326d6d2e6b71cbfd9a1dcbcc5cfc0d253","abstract_canon_sha256":"f09b264e1a1ac422c6bdc2ce1a86dd344bf860e8a5d7fe5d5cbc5e1790e7b79e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"aada8891ae5695ce2f674420d498e872237b2ac21b2273d59f7589536f5a9380","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09.424440Z","signature_b64":"bVfqp4QyyDRqhokpY+wUAx0x6vqxURY3TWDJij8K6yRKxJJKxK7pG5wMNpoNAxLm5ej7nhiLeYzCapKr7qo3CQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"aada8891ae5695ce2f674420d498e872237b2ac21b2273d59f7589536f5a9380","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09.424018Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09.424018Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0206495","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YpWpBK1DvRWKGTXy4v7ZBKdEm/BdLlep5K9sTvyNKLUGdZ2j2s7wRDMXUmznGk70D0Xr+tB0QQlbQiVWyATfCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-27T16:03:16.894090Z"},"content_sha256":"dcb4242d8a70965612fae315a1f2f82231170e09307cec32830561e48115a56d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dcb4242d8a70965612fae315a1f2f82231170e09307cec32830561e48115a56d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2002:VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Using Strong Lines to Estimate Abundances in Extragalactic HII Regions and Starburst Galaxies","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"2), (2) Harvard-Smithsonian CfA), Astrophysics ANU, L.J. Kewley (1, M.A. Dopita (1) ((1) Research School of Astronomy","submitted_at":"2002-06-27T20:35:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"We have used a combination of stellar population synthesis and photoionization models to develop a set of ionization parameter and abundance diagnostics based only on the use of the strong optical emission lines. These models are applicable to both extragalactic HII regions and star-forming galaxies. We show that, because our techniques solve explicitly for both the ionization parameter and the chemical abundance, the diagnostics presented here are an improvement on earlier techniques based on strong emission-line ratios. Our techniques are applicable at all metallicities. In particular, for m"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0206495","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0206495/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8L1QUoKplPhjNri73t/4Zv4dSC4UnAG6bakHz+0cgLs+F37OTubLj5ax+zOSFJpbkKnN7BUu3oDKSFBK60U1Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-27T16:03:16.894488Z"},"content_sha256":"d1d41c4fd020e8c439eacf28701d139e96dd68970160c09f62fa95754ddc6664","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d1d41c4fd020e8c439eacf28701d139e96dd68970160c09f62fa95754ddc6664"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-27T16:03:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2002:VLNIRENOK2K44L3HIQQNJGHIOI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f09b264e1a1ac422c6bdc2ce1a86dd344bf860e8a5d7fe5d5cbc5e1790e7b79e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-06-27T20:35:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"25ec0272dbd7bcde7b182caa8e09dae326d6d2e6b71cbfd9a1dcbcc5cfc0d253"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0206495","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0206495","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0206495v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0206495","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VLNIRENOK2K4","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VLNIRENOK2K44L3H","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VLNIRENO","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d1d41c4fd020e8c439eacf28701d139e96dd68970160c09f62fa95754ddc6664","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0206495/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We have used a combination of stellar population synthesis and photoionization models to develop a set of ionization parameter and abundance diagnostics based only on the use of the strong optical emission lines. These models are applicable to both extragalactic HII regions and star-forming galaxies. We show that, because our techniques solve explicitly for both the ionization parameter and the chemical abundance, the diagnostics presented here are an improvement on earlier techniques based on strong emission-line ratios. Our techniques are applicable at all metallicities. In particular, for m","authors_text":"2), (2) Harvard-Smithsonian CfA), Astrophysics ANU, L.J. Kewley (1, M.A. Dopita (1) ((1) Research School of Astronomy","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-06-27T20:35:20Z","title":"Using Strong Lines to Estimate Abundances in Extragalactic HII Regions and Starburst Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0206495","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:dcb4242d8a70965612fae315a1f2f82231170e09307cec32830561e48115a56d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f09b264e1a1ac422c6bdc2ce1a86dd344bf860e8a5d7fe5d5cbc5e1790e7b79e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2002-06-27T20:35:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"25ec0272dbd7bcde7b182caa8e09dae326d6d2e6b71cbfd9a1dcbcc5cfc0d253"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0206495","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"aada8891ae5695ce2f674420d498e872237b2ac21b2273d59f7589536f5a9380","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"aada8891ae5695ce2f674420d498e872237b2ac21b2273d59f7589536f5a9380","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09.424018Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09.424018Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bVfqp4QyyDRqhokpY+wUAx0x6vqxURY3TWDJij8K6yRKxJJKxK7pG5wMNpoNAxLm5ej7nhiLeYzCapKr7qo3CQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:20:09.424440Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0206495","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:dcb4242d8a70965612fae315a1f2f82231170e09307cec32830561e48115a56d","sha256:d1d41c4fd020e8c439eacf28701d139e96dd68970160c09f62fa95754ddc6664"],"state_sha256":"58da0f8d4a8c8605beb83be79ca5f8364887b021748de5b466a56b36883d9e2c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kpaFFzjW+dEzkt2CUb7QTELEm6erWj1FzIrqrfo0m6ngAhVe0ySGZ342SrWLlhIHQm9EKZ2mYSmZXZbCxF8jAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-27T16:03:16.896916Z","bundle_sha256":"95b10598448c1c02766a3c279869f9a89d064e5d93cabc298bbdfe9c9fe995dd"}}