{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR","short_pith_number":"pith:VN7ZIRSK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.08154","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-04-16T14:58:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"aae3d4b628d0605602bb6cc76c29a37c6ae44e7c194c5b63856a9f45238c5b72","abstract_canon_sha256":"3234cfd78376478ce44d4751b5fd6c04bee7a94dd8acf459eaa9ae207458e471"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ab7f94464a533135b0047c5a935a710c4ac50a276ea67053447704764cf08f97","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2104.08154","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.08154","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.08154v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.08154","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VN7ZIRSKKMYT","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAE","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VN7ZIRSK","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2104.08154","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-04-16T14:58:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"aae3d4b628d0605602bb6cc76c29a37c6ae44e7c194c5b63856a9f45238c5b72","abstract_canon_sha256":"3234cfd78376478ce44d4751b5fd6c04bee7a94dd8acf459eaa9ae207458e471"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ab7f94464a533135b0047c5a935a710c4ac50a276ea67053447704764cf08f97","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27.353907Z","signature_b64":"s15ad7D+yvQH0wR8jH26oPQ5eHO5VWx4TwBLsegCsP03bWHdGZ0zUUrOKt9KkvCz4XHdbg7sSWS581TEO9EVAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ab7f94464a533135b0047c5a935a710c4ac50a276ea67053447704764cf08f97","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27.353304Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27.353304Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2104.08154","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5FVdG3SKFA+uB8fiWOB19yZtObn6/i0wh9oQiSXx3ZG1PPksxKcDX6G8gWEPlY0nBHdHLq7dCO2pDSZPe+CoAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T09:41:06.886029Z"},"content_sha256":"0bd333b7dae633d1b71b7f05e01b399ecaeece80a032708241ae1bd2ca59a7b9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0bd333b7dae633d1b71b7f05e01b399ecaeece80a032708241ae1bd2ca59a7b9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Counter-Interference Adapter for Multilingual Machine Translation","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Chengqi Zhao, Jiangtao Feng, Lei Li, Mingxuan Wang, Yaoming Zhu","submitted_at":"2021-04-16T14:58:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"Developing a unified multilingual model has long been a pursuit for machine translation. However, existing approaches suffer from performance degradation -- a single multilingual model is inferior to separately trained bilingual ones on rich-resource languages. We conjecture that such a phenomenon is due to interference caused by joint training with multiple languages. To accommodate the issue, we propose CIAT, an adapted Transformer model with a small parameter overhead for multilingual machine translation. We evaluate CIAT on multiple benchmark datasets, including IWSLT, OPUS-100, and WMT. E"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.08154","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2104.08154/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qWQRGz3cgkfjROC4FViKSYgtk3WJ74kbsSgoTv/7OTVQGmd4L0RUxD7WtM3oqGG1CEKPT5P+AdtfzG/+rRvnDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T09:41:06.886410Z"},"content_sha256":"8423ff635951474adf910e871c04777a92e97cac15e38b0e27a29031fcd9ef85","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8423ff635951474adf910e871c04777a92e97cac15e38b0e27a29031fcd9ef85"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T09:41:06Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAEPRNJGWTRBR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3234cfd78376478ce44d4751b5fd6c04bee7a94dd8acf459eaa9ae207458e471","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-04-16T14:58:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"aae3d4b628d0605602bb6cc76c29a37c6ae44e7c194c5b63856a9f45238c5b72"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.08154","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2104.08154","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2104.08154v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2104.08154","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VN7ZIRSKKMYT","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VN7ZIRSKKMYTLMAE","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VN7ZIRSK","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8423ff635951474adf910e871c04777a92e97cac15e38b0e27a29031fcd9ef85","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2104.08154/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Developing a unified multilingual model has long been a pursuit for machine translation. However, existing approaches suffer from performance degradation -- a single multilingual model is inferior to separately trained bilingual ones on rich-resource languages. We conjecture that such a phenomenon is due to interference caused by joint training with multiple languages. To accommodate the issue, we propose CIAT, an adapted Transformer model with a small parameter overhead for multilingual machine translation. We evaluate CIAT on multiple benchmark datasets, including IWSLT, OPUS-100, and WMT. E","authors_text":"Chengqi Zhao, Jiangtao Feng, Lei Li, Mingxuan Wang, Yaoming Zhu","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-04-16T14:58:28Z","title":"Counter-Interference Adapter for Multilingual Machine Translation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2104.08154","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0bd333b7dae633d1b71b7f05e01b399ecaeece80a032708241ae1bd2ca59a7b9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3234cfd78376478ce44d4751b5fd6c04bee7a94dd8acf459eaa9ae207458e471","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-04-16T14:58:28Z","title_canon_sha256":"aae3d4b628d0605602bb6cc76c29a37c6ae44e7c194c5b63856a9f45238c5b72"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2104.08154","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"ab7f94464a533135b0047c5a935a710c4ac50a276ea67053447704764cf08f97","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ab7f94464a533135b0047c5a935a710c4ac50a276ea67053447704764cf08f97","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27.353304Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27.353304Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"s15ad7D+yvQH0wR8jH26oPQ5eHO5VWx4TwBLsegCsP03bWHdGZ0zUUrOKt9KkvCz4XHdbg7sSWS581TEO9EVAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:13:27.353907Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2104.08154","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0bd333b7dae633d1b71b7f05e01b399ecaeece80a032708241ae1bd2ca59a7b9","sha256:8423ff635951474adf910e871c04777a92e97cac15e38b0e27a29031fcd9ef85"],"state_sha256":"dc1924557b2341af68968aa67ae5176a2d467f0148d9cbc6a1d160f756e883f7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kGD57UaVMYdIDE5rLX36l2I1xqZwtaxpO7L6lV5OSZQKcjHm9G16RYiMC7G6HqDGqGxTIkja86u/eeA9EOuvCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T09:41:06.888383Z","bundle_sha256":"5058d1e1ca6a3a98d3382d1b8b252eda5901300bc22c65c4f4760a639f7d8568"}}