{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI","short_pith_number":"pith:VPPY7MA5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.09594","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-05-24T10:37:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c812d2ce32c67c0136907041d6d20dc91d5211af9ccd99b811f82e1e3cf5673b","abstract_canon_sha256":"03b99e05a6a8d8607e69446d59eb93242961365ee4d80c25faf2f9051989653f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"abdf8fb01d47499f054365add97671a23d83bc801781ab0ed535445890189833","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1805.09594","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.09594","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.09594v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.09594","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VPPY7MA5I5EZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VPPY7MA5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.09594","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-05-24T10:37:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c812d2ce32c67c0136907041d6d20dc91d5211af9ccd99b811f82e1e3cf5673b","abstract_canon_sha256":"03b99e05a6a8d8607e69446d59eb93242961365ee4d80c25faf2f9051989653f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"abdf8fb01d47499f054365add97671a23d83bc801781ab0ed535445890189833","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31.061195Z","signature_b64":"5SamSZKITcxHpfJ2JEhNjppGiQ3UBwytmmNBiu8b8NY6lZYxcOn5yUu751MWGCfm1PqONeFWyrsLVjO9W7TAAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"abdf8fb01d47499f054365add97671a23d83bc801781ab0ed535445890189833","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31.060713Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31.060713Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1805.09594","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+6101IRYnNX9yfF23/FwmCABYP7J8IwxqseZDMzhhT+upXcu26er88Bw29sEBiRUF3nGpqQnUhtrNEdWtQUhBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T03:16:57.824529Z"},"content_sha256":"12a0d6b33ecce478837ae20965abfb414ecd2070a020c8c2e144cc1040fe16e6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:12a0d6b33ecce478837ae20965abfb414ecd2070a020c8c2e144cc1040fe16e6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The deteriorating effect of plasma density fluctuations on microwave beam quality","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"Alf K\\\"ohn, Antti Snicker, Craig C. Petty, Eberhard Holzhauer, Emanuele Poli, Hannes Weber, Jarrod B. Leddy, Kenneth W. Gentle, Lorenzo Guidi, Matthew B. Thomas, Max E. Austin, Michael W. Brookman, Omar Maj, Rob J. La Haye, Roddy G. L. Vann, Terry L. Rhodes","submitted_at":"2018-05-24T10:37:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Turbulent plasma edge density fluctuations can broaden a traversing microwave beam degrading its quality. This can be a problem for scenarios relying on a high spatial localization of the deposition of injected microwave power, like controlling MHD instabilities. Here we present numerical estimations of the scattering of a microwave beam by density fluctuations over a large parameter range, including extrapolations to ITER. Two codes are used, the full-wave code IPF-FDMC and the wave kinetic equation solver WKBeam. A successful comparison between beam broadening obtained from DIII-D experiment"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.09594","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Pn9GXONZj+gX5vJICXvSyFi7+qJIEPiIKXZ6aQfa1k3clW1lvrplN3o8qmPV6YlTRv74PRkJerITTFcmiqODAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T03:16:57.825175Z"},"content_sha256":"0062b3f6da03bf17bd9550c54c12188a89c2971a701e027ab4edef4bc5e53e2a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0062b3f6da03bf17bd9550c54c12188a89c2971a701e027ab4edef4bc5e53e2a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T03:16:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKDMWW5S5TRUI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"03b99e05a6a8d8607e69446d59eb93242961365ee4d80c25faf2f9051989653f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-05-24T10:37:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"c812d2ce32c67c0136907041d6d20dc91d5211af9ccd99b811f82e1e3cf5673b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.09594","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.09594","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.09594v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.09594","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VPPY7MA5I5EZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VPPY7MA5I5EZ6BKD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VPPY7MA5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0062b3f6da03bf17bd9550c54c12188a89c2971a701e027ab4edef4bc5e53e2a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Turbulent plasma edge density fluctuations can broaden a traversing microwave beam degrading its quality. This can be a problem for scenarios relying on a high spatial localization of the deposition of injected microwave power, like controlling MHD instabilities. Here we present numerical estimations of the scattering of a microwave beam by density fluctuations over a large parameter range, including extrapolations to ITER. Two codes are used, the full-wave code IPF-FDMC and the wave kinetic equation solver WKBeam. A successful comparison between beam broadening obtained from DIII-D experiment","authors_text":"Alf K\\\"ohn, Antti Snicker, Craig C. Petty, Eberhard Holzhauer, Emanuele Poli, Hannes Weber, Jarrod B. Leddy, Kenneth W. Gentle, Lorenzo Guidi, Matthew B. Thomas, Max E. Austin, Michael W. Brookman, Omar Maj, Rob J. La Haye, Roddy G. L. Vann, Terry L. Rhodes","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-05-24T10:37:01Z","title":"The deteriorating effect of plasma density fluctuations on microwave beam quality"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.09594","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:12a0d6b33ecce478837ae20965abfb414ecd2070a020c8c2e144cc1040fe16e6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"03b99e05a6a8d8607e69446d59eb93242961365ee4d80c25faf2f9051989653f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2018-05-24T10:37:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"c812d2ce32c67c0136907041d6d20dc91d5211af9ccd99b811f82e1e3cf5673b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.09594","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"abdf8fb01d47499f054365add97671a23d83bc801781ab0ed535445890189833","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"abdf8fb01d47499f054365add97671a23d83bc801781ab0ed535445890189833","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31.060713Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31.060713Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5SamSZKITcxHpfJ2JEhNjppGiQ3UBwytmmNBiu8b8NY6lZYxcOn5yUu751MWGCfm1PqONeFWyrsLVjO9W7TAAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:47:31.061195Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1805.09594","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:12a0d6b33ecce478837ae20965abfb414ecd2070a020c8c2e144cc1040fe16e6","sha256:0062b3f6da03bf17bd9550c54c12188a89c2971a701e027ab4edef4bc5e53e2a"],"state_sha256":"2f9a59ffd53a15d2d56ddff1009e5fd3c48855a39dabac5b6622697713f35572"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8P5U4QwnleuchNo1r2XvJGR+Tu9FHBj4eklhwb3rYeQuCICU+d51qjyymJxeHleXQBCaLk6Tu87sR1gMBgTWCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T03:16:57.829439Z","bundle_sha256":"5ad77ffd24b17d2a309f9f8ce37644d5b4cc297d56351079f10e5ba469722d12"}}