{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ","short_pith_number":"pith:VPWSXQOL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2306.07655","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2023-06-13T09:52:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"dd23130b09c9b3f4448f596dad42ce081cf102b5566834531e49c41b5089dd8e","abstract_canon_sha256":"c9d00dddf8fe29b8fbea195ed13c02391ef5044d770da2a680628cf65092ce44"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"abed2bc1cbfb36215b436caf1f6e0d34190537818cd3d70a1c5b6be33ea66da4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2306.07655","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2306.07655","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2306.07655v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.07655","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VPWSXQOL7M3C","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2D","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VPWSXQOL","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2306.07655","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2023-06-13T09:52:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"dd23130b09c9b3f4448f596dad42ce081cf102b5566834531e49c41b5089dd8e","abstract_canon_sha256":"c9d00dddf8fe29b8fbea195ed13c02391ef5044d770da2a680628cf65092ce44"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"abed2bc1cbfb36215b436caf1f6e0d34190537818cd3d70a1c5b6be33ea66da4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07.324670Z","signature_b64":"M+eQdCMT2e8tERWpAsr1UJPpTFeALAHE+a7+IyF4Wy3JCRHLptX6K9AE1Zse+XgBmc2Ru379jb06j4JteeWdBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"abed2bc1cbfb36215b436caf1f6e0d34190537818cd3d70a1c5b6be33ea66da4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07.324204Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07.324204Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2306.07655","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"S3ozWnnFx5WHo21NOFOUATg/7bx/zsIItmfcv6tD/gVSubtYID+UN0nlGHahpACjB5IruHcINnJ32tBrPDryCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T13:54:19.021039Z"},"content_sha256":"efae81e7f8d42436ca7b1f4ffe2d01c5dfdef6d7d31a14d747923e4e14ea6af6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:efae81e7f8d42436ca7b1f4ffe2d01c5dfdef6d7d31a14d747923e4e14ea6af6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Malafide: a novel adversarial convolutive noise attack against deepfake and spoofing detection systems","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"eess.AS","authors_text":"Hemlata Tak, Massimiliano Todisco, Michele Panariello, Nicholas Evans, Wanying Ge","submitted_at":"2023-06-13T09:52:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present Malafide, a universal adversarial attack against automatic speaker verification (ASV) spoofing countermeasures (CMs). By introducing convolutional noise using an optimised linear time-invariant filter, Malafide attacks can be used to compromise CM reliability while preserving other speech attributes such as quality and the speaker's voice. In contrast to other adversarial attacks proposed recently, Malafide filters are optimised independently of the input utterance and duration, are tuned instead to the underlying spoofing attack, and require the optimisation of only a small number "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.07655","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2306.07655/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0dSDCiN7d6BwTz/IGJGfgtGtvtn8yYA1gSSgpf2/QgveYYxAhyqtif2Ho0Cc4MMkgFBvzgl/xpduOAzvvyT6DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T13:54:19.021593Z"},"content_sha256":"20a486a0b3c41d31970c17347057af45d78d38e6f22c11d7bb79285b3cb3350b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:20a486a0b3c41d31970c17347057af45d78d38e6f22c11d7bb79285b3cb3350b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T13:54:19Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2DNSXR63QNGQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c9d00dddf8fe29b8fbea195ed13c02391ef5044d770da2a680628cf65092ce44","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2023-06-13T09:52:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"dd23130b09c9b3f4448f596dad42ce081cf102b5566834531e49c41b5089dd8e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2306.07655","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2306.07655","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2306.07655v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2306.07655","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VPWSXQOL7M3C","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VPWSXQOL7M3CCW2D","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VPWSXQOL","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:20a486a0b3c41d31970c17347057af45d78d38e6f22c11d7bb79285b3cb3350b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2306.07655/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present Malafide, a universal adversarial attack against automatic speaker verification (ASV) spoofing countermeasures (CMs). By introducing convolutional noise using an optimised linear time-invariant filter, Malafide attacks can be used to compromise CM reliability while preserving other speech attributes such as quality and the speaker's voice. In contrast to other adversarial attacks proposed recently, Malafide filters are optimised independently of the input utterance and duration, are tuned instead to the underlying spoofing attack, and require the optimisation of only a small number ","authors_text":"Hemlata Tak, Massimiliano Todisco, Michele Panariello, Nicholas Evans, Wanying Ge","cross_cats":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2023-06-13T09:52:44Z","title":"Malafide: a novel adversarial convolutive noise attack against deepfake and spoofing detection systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2306.07655","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:efae81e7f8d42436ca7b1f4ffe2d01c5dfdef6d7d31a14d747923e4e14ea6af6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c9d00dddf8fe29b8fbea195ed13c02391ef5044d770da2a680628cf65092ce44","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.AS","submitted_at":"2023-06-13T09:52:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"dd23130b09c9b3f4448f596dad42ce081cf102b5566834531e49c41b5089dd8e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2306.07655","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"abed2bc1cbfb36215b436caf1f6e0d34190537818cd3d70a1c5b6be33ea66da4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"abed2bc1cbfb36215b436caf1f6e0d34190537818cd3d70a1c5b6be33ea66da4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07.324204Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07.324204Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"M+eQdCMT2e8tERWpAsr1UJPpTFeALAHE+a7+IyF4Wy3JCRHLptX6K9AE1Zse+XgBmc2Ru379jb06j4JteeWdBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:20:07.324670Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2306.07655","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:efae81e7f8d42436ca7b1f4ffe2d01c5dfdef6d7d31a14d747923e4e14ea6af6","sha256:20a486a0b3c41d31970c17347057af45d78d38e6f22c11d7bb79285b3cb3350b"],"state_sha256":"292fdb436ce2f26de10090cf3a574a4dc5d6705483f6ef2c7686ce18acadf5f9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vU3gbuF7P2/nczRVO4HET2mFSkMlpAWzHI282qCCRt6BNLDaYpVdCQfhrA8dO6pYYmzwoQ2ooXJdtBG4ztQFAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T13:54:19.026265Z","bundle_sha256":"94c3a1fd21e098664fe9251c193d9b7baee317e24bc0ce5fe6da44c2ce333d82"}}