{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6","short_pith_number":"pith:VQPANUFP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.4996","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T13:45:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a1202d1f99e5fb0c9501913d59a2a83d993f59ffc854eabb66be9ea4b00875bf","abstract_canon_sha256":"0748fa7e5d7f09e4187f8e0f17b827d1286b9620e36c34b44313f255d7f76859"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ac1e06d0af815cb175abc23911400e87888cda41f4bc59c91ce2740f3fc103ac","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1407.4996","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.4996","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.4996v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.4996","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VQPANUFPQFOL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VQPANUFPQFOLC5NL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VQPANUFP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.4996","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T13:45:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a1202d1f99e5fb0c9501913d59a2a83d993f59ffc854eabb66be9ea4b00875bf","abstract_canon_sha256":"0748fa7e5d7f09e4187f8e0f17b827d1286b9620e36c34b44313f255d7f76859"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ac1e06d0af815cb175abc23911400e87888cda41f4bc59c91ce2740f3fc103ac","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34.006773Z","signature_b64":"FPaqYxO1VBPsfXkI+1QOz7JDk7zRrl2nK2NaEC/ZwVlc/xOiu3dZzhsrmIFMTqsZXcSb/mP9q54VrASY7nBODg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ac1e06d0af815cb175abc23911400e87888cda41f4bc59c91ce2740f3fc103ac","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34.006224Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34.006224Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1407.4996","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"I4b3jvJZ+MTBmUNC97e9otrYzOgYs+f/gSLDo0HreiiX2BK4J29/J+FjYCncxemVSoDFK0HnX1oylcdf8962DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:11:18.953348Z"},"content_sha256":"250e1b1c39d4a32916063f8d8a7d343a100fbc3920a2045c8f502eee4fb30d0c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:250e1b1c39d4a32916063f8d8a7d343a100fbc3920a2045c8f502eee4fb30d0c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): merging galaxies and their properties","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Aaron Robotham (ICRAR, Andrew M. Hopkins (AAO), Ivan K. Baldry (LJMU), Jon Loveday (Sussex), Joss Bland-Hawthorn (Sydney), Lee Kelvin (Innsbruck), Perth, Perth), Roberto De Propris (Turku), Sarah Brough (AAO), Simon P. Driver (ICRAR, St. Andrews), Steve Phillipps (Bristol)","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T13:45:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"We derive the close pair fractions and volume merger rates as a function of luminosity and morphology for galaxies in the GAMA survey with -23 < M(r) < -17 at 0.01 < z < 0.22. The merger fraction is about 0.015 at all luminosities (assuming 1/2 of pairs merge) and the volume merger rate is about 0.00035 per cubic Mpc per Gyr. Dry mergers (between red or spheroidal galaxies) are uncommon and decrease with decreasing luminosity. Fainter mergers are wet, between blue or disky galaxies. Damp mergers (one of each type) follow the average of dry and wet mergers. In the brighter luminosity bin (-23 <"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.4996","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BSVumg9E+6NIdLYmQFdnY+Y36KNnlF2EHllrMxwyUsZ/NpKYksLC4L6OEsMy5rkRaAOicu2F004TcC6pXQ8/CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:11:18.953697Z"},"content_sha256":"07c9a00fa67baa5c584d6d88915496856065f64ae0de6059e11e617704529866","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:07c9a00fa67baa5c584d6d88915496856065f64ae0de6059e11e617704529866"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T07:11:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:VQPANUFPQFOLC5NLYI4RCQAOQ6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0748fa7e5d7f09e4187f8e0f17b827d1286b9620e36c34b44313f255d7f76859","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T13:45:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"a1202d1f99e5fb0c9501913d59a2a83d993f59ffc854eabb66be9ea4b00875bf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1407.4996","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.4996","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.4996v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.4996","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VQPANUFPQFOL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VQPANUFPQFOLC5NL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VQPANUFP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:07c9a00fa67baa5c584d6d88915496856065f64ae0de6059e11e617704529866","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We derive the close pair fractions and volume merger rates as a function of luminosity and morphology for galaxies in the GAMA survey with -23 < M(r) < -17 at 0.01 < z < 0.22. The merger fraction is about 0.015 at all luminosities (assuming 1/2 of pairs merge) and the volume merger rate is about 0.00035 per cubic Mpc per Gyr. Dry mergers (between red or spheroidal galaxies) are uncommon and decrease with decreasing luminosity. Fainter mergers are wet, between blue or disky galaxies. Damp mergers (one of each type) follow the average of dry and wet mergers. In the brighter luminosity bin (-23 <","authors_text":"Aaron Robotham (ICRAR, Andrew M. Hopkins (AAO), Ivan K. Baldry (LJMU), Jon Loveday (Sussex), Joss Bland-Hawthorn (Sydney), Lee Kelvin (Innsbruck), Perth, Perth), Roberto De Propris (Turku), Sarah Brough (AAO), Simon P. Driver (ICRAR, St. Andrews), Steve Phillipps (Bristol)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T13:45:23Z","title":"Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): merging galaxies and their properties"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.4996","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:250e1b1c39d4a32916063f8d8a7d343a100fbc3920a2045c8f502eee4fb30d0c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0748fa7e5d7f09e4187f8e0f17b827d1286b9620e36c34b44313f255d7f76859","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T13:45:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"a1202d1f99e5fb0c9501913d59a2a83d993f59ffc854eabb66be9ea4b00875bf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1407.4996","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ac1e06d0af815cb175abc23911400e87888cda41f4bc59c91ce2740f3fc103ac","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ac1e06d0af815cb175abc23911400e87888cda41f4bc59c91ce2740f3fc103ac","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34.006224Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34.006224Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FPaqYxO1VBPsfXkI+1QOz7JDk7zRrl2nK2NaEC/ZwVlc/xOiu3dZzhsrmIFMTqsZXcSb/mP9q54VrASY7nBODg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:34.006773Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1407.4996","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:250e1b1c39d4a32916063f8d8a7d343a100fbc3920a2045c8f502eee4fb30d0c","sha256:07c9a00fa67baa5c584d6d88915496856065f64ae0de6059e11e617704529866"],"state_sha256":"44cef32411a3ea558cc772f48b222542dd4cc6ca64e9f6af499f65e4fc4e5b93"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/GsmXhmHxQolBhHHpU3x7Ppzu3BTD5qJkPMtDJuB8+QHQiuk+WvwIwVkZeWi/C91L2PG/bNEPxfU+W+a3ZwJDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:11:18.955631Z","bundle_sha256":"5b331d186cd0b8b6aab7924b9b8305d1fa7f767b465b6c85e551685af2a1db51"}}