{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:1997:VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR","short_pith_number":"pith:VQQAMAV7","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"ac200602bf96d85deacb78f4bdc895947f2b786ca2be531faaab0ac300e4a74e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"gr-qc/9704008","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"The ``Nernst Theorem'' and Black Hole Thermodynamics","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Robert M. Wald","submitted_at":"1997-04-03T19:40:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Nernst formulation of the third law of ordinary thermodynamics (often referred to as the ``Nernst theorem'') asserts that the entropy, $S$, of a system must go to zero (or a ``universal constant'') as its temperature, $T$, goes to zero. This assertion is commonly considered to be a fundamental law of thermodynamics. As such, it seems to spoil the otherwise perfect analogy between the ordinary laws of thermodynamics and the laws of black hole mechanics, since rotating black holes in general relativity do not satisfy the analog of the ``Nernst theorem''. The main purpose of this paper is to "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9704008","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1997-04-03T19:40:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"ecf50384211ad3f11d7c10772636d90f647a32eae6dcd892b81e258f8b95f7bd","abstract_canon_sha256":"99ed846f3e7e669d38f2e12daf481e710a798459be1c24302d144c2ef1541b36"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:07.865102Z","signature_b64":"t6sT7yJm4di6vR+n7IH09NrdUeMzUu5KY34ccZYAE4Qxjqkl/kQqNP3dH2cgnGyIBYNaa4BNAYIUxcjlvozEBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ac200602bf96d85deacb78f4bdc895947f2b786ca2be531faaab0ac300e4a74e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:07.864441Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:07.864441Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The ``Nernst Theorem'' and Black Hole Thermodynamics","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Robert M. Wald","submitted_at":"1997-04-03T19:40:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Nernst formulation of the third law of ordinary thermodynamics (often referred to as the ``Nernst theorem'') asserts that the entropy, $S$, of a system must go to zero (or a ``universal constant'') as its temperature, $T$, goes to zero. This assertion is commonly considered to be a fundamental law of thermodynamics. As such, it seems to spoil the otherwise perfect analogy between the ordinary laws of thermodynamics and the laws of black hole mechanics, since rotating black holes in general relativity do not satisfy the analog of the ``Nernst theorem''. The main purpose of this paper is to "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9704008","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/9704008","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:07.864553+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/9704008v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:07.864553+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/9704008","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:07.864553+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VQQAMAV7S3MF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48.327863+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VQQAMAV7S3MF32WL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48.327863+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VQQAMAV7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48.327863+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":3,"internal_anchor_count":1,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.21540","citing_title":"Hawking radiation from black holes in 2+1 dimensions","ref_index":15,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.21540","citing_title":"Hawking radiation from black holes in 2+1 dimensions","ref_index":15,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.08441","citing_title":"Lifshitz-like black branes in arbitrary dimensions and the third law of thermodynamics","ref_index":5,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR","json":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/VQQAMAV7"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/VQQAMAV7","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=gr-qc/9704008&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/VQQAMAV7S3MF32WLPD2L3SEVSR/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:07.864553+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:08:07.864553+00:00"}