{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2002:VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7","short_pith_number":"pith:VQUJID5Q","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"gr-qc/0208060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2002-08-21T15:00:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"1384adeb092ab26fafe62266a5644067fd2e5b2f4393bcafe207f949d2e3393a","abstract_canon_sha256":"c2cea603b6de8773785434f2163a45bdc2b8bccad781aad2632f20756f6cf26b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ac28940fb08eebc3be0f2b373b7a354fea0279bf1dd21dafdcd90bffbbcf565a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"gr-qc/0208060","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/0208060","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/0208060v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/0208060","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VQUJID5QR3V4","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VQUJID5QR3V4HPQP","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VQUJID5Q","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2002:VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"gr-qc/0208060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2002-08-21T15:00:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"1384adeb092ab26fafe62266a5644067fd2e5b2f4393bcafe207f949d2e3393a","abstract_canon_sha256":"c2cea603b6de8773785434f2163a45bdc2b8bccad781aad2632f20756f6cf26b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ac28940fb08eebc3be0f2b373b7a354fea0279bf1dd21dafdcd90bffbbcf565a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06.731748Z","signature_b64":"jvFw8+P2sao1jKkStGDa0d7OXEwzpWzkrK/jWcyQqD9UqdcJNYuZwb/Tb7sdnU0XZcVoP/ahguytghfT7CRmCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ac28940fb08eebc3be0f2b373b7a354fea0279bf1dd21dafdcd90bffbbcf565a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06.731379Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06.731379Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"gr-qc/0208060","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zf3jNvaBZcwEIjWvjyvncLMxTCxKtSXYgTNl/gHQrpcgdLGkKFQwUDTO4QBxLszpbpsyhXojUdiCjs66ygYaCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T12:55:04.973865Z"},"content_sha256":"6ef4334a93821fdee272d4ea37beedffc24cab110fe48bffe210b247b0741a0f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6ef4334a93821fdee272d4ea37beedffc24cab110fe48bffe210b247b0741a0f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2002:VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gauge Problem in the Gravitational Self-Force I. Harmonic Gauge Approach in the Schwarzschild Background","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Hiroyuki Nakano, Misao Sasaki, Norichika Sago","submitted_at":"2002-08-21T15:00:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"The metric perturbation induced by a particle in the Schwarzschild background is usually calculated in the Regge-Wheeler (RW) gauge, whereas the gravitational self-force is known to be given by the tail part of the metric perturbation in the harmonic gauge. Thus, to identify the gravitational self-force correctly in a specified gauge, it is necessary to find out a gauge transformation that connects these two gauges. This is called the gauge problem. As a direct approach to solve the gauge problem, we formulate a method to calculate the metric perturbation in the harmonic gauge on the Schwarzsh"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/0208060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/gr-qc/0208060/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PQotjSs5EWJkcUdV1cn8M0U/fzyjt9Oup9htOAkkB7kvHbBfxA+gNDD5+FCsaaPv7bJJgZw4Aqb4g1uMq7CvDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T12:55:04.974433Z"},"content_sha256":"c989fad3abef87d8fc2fb5e6bbd85b54baf2ee1a15a4c5b8204b6985921b7b15","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c989fad3abef87d8fc2fb5e6bbd85b54baf2ee1a15a4c5b8204b6985921b7b15"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T12:55:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2002:VQUJID5QR3V4HPQPFM3TW6RVJ7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c2cea603b6de8773785434f2163a45bdc2b8bccad781aad2632f20756f6cf26b","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2002-08-21T15:00:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"1384adeb092ab26fafe62266a5644067fd2e5b2f4393bcafe207f949d2e3393a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"gr-qc/0208060","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/0208060","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/0208060v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/0208060","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VQUJID5QR3V4","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VQUJID5QR3V4HPQP","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VQUJID5Q","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c989fad3abef87d8fc2fb5e6bbd85b54baf2ee1a15a4c5b8204b6985921b7b15","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/gr-qc/0208060/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The metric perturbation induced by a particle in the Schwarzschild background is usually calculated in the Regge-Wheeler (RW) gauge, whereas the gravitational self-force is known to be given by the tail part of the metric perturbation in the harmonic gauge. Thus, to identify the gravitational self-force correctly in a specified gauge, it is necessary to find out a gauge transformation that connects these two gauges. This is called the gauge problem. As a direct approach to solve the gauge problem, we formulate a method to calculate the metric perturbation in the harmonic gauge on the Schwarzsh","authors_text":"Hiroyuki Nakano, Misao Sasaki, Norichika Sago","cross_cats":["astro-ph"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2002-08-21T15:00:31Z","title":"Gauge Problem in the Gravitational Self-Force I. Harmonic Gauge Approach in the Schwarzschild Background"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/0208060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6ef4334a93821fdee272d4ea37beedffc24cab110fe48bffe210b247b0741a0f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c2cea603b6de8773785434f2163a45bdc2b8bccad781aad2632f20756f6cf26b","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2002-08-21T15:00:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"1384adeb092ab26fafe62266a5644067fd2e5b2f4393bcafe207f949d2e3393a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"gr-qc/0208060","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ac28940fb08eebc3be0f2b373b7a354fea0279bf1dd21dafdcd90bffbbcf565a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ac28940fb08eebc3be0f2b373b7a354fea0279bf1dd21dafdcd90bffbbcf565a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06.731379Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06.731379Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jvFw8+P2sao1jKkStGDa0d7OXEwzpWzkrK/jWcyQqD9UqdcJNYuZwb/Tb7sdnU0XZcVoP/ahguytghfT7CRmCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:54:06.731748Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"gr-qc/0208060","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6ef4334a93821fdee272d4ea37beedffc24cab110fe48bffe210b247b0741a0f","sha256:c989fad3abef87d8fc2fb5e6bbd85b54baf2ee1a15a4c5b8204b6985921b7b15"],"state_sha256":"c49932a5cde8524c24a0be8738a942690d491297b933c3977a373c4678f149cd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4YVO+R4dcMWRChbS4/kgTZA84tL9rtRjrsaA30N0Qh1XJbAqsBLuZh6ifS5mUZtah6vlZ4bNseqGim9wy4u3BQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T12:55:04.979997Z","bundle_sha256":"4612cedb3f11907957c2d3572ca4937d2226cbbcaec71a656583d7e48c75c112"}}