{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC","short_pith_number":"pith:VRWLCUL5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.09740","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.EC","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T20:20:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"37d957d6f98e8c8a967bd30c6b4f0903b4261b3d400251c0f32d62f855df4896","abstract_canon_sha256":"f177ca2377246ddd649c7f7d98bfdafe252d615da3919a63584ad449c66b6111"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ac6cb1517da736a1e76b3cebe299e9a88b52bed3f304bac391fdce8ecf4bbcf4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1801.09740","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.09740","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.09740v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.09740","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VRWLCUL5U43K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VRWLCUL5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.09740","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.EC","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T20:20:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"37d957d6f98e8c8a967bd30c6b4f0903b4261b3d400251c0f32d62f855df4896","abstract_canon_sha256":"f177ca2377246ddd649c7f7d98bfdafe252d615da3919a63584ad449c66b6111"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ac6cb1517da736a1e76b3cebe299e9a88b52bed3f304bac391fdce8ecf4bbcf4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53.990911Z","signature_b64":"Diizmgc7/4ijAZ4vLj4hRPyn3miK7GZ+VNWgQX6WNq+TYqbzWUwqCtltY3xYAiaYdisbC4guJAxscWbWMgpgAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ac6cb1517da736a1e76b3cebe299e9a88b52bed3f304bac391fdce8ecf4bbcf4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53.990153Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53.990153Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1801.09740","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mZSZL+PDKb1vRsHSwwm5vSJRdUloJ2orxt1VESEU8wqe/oN6cevfVI01Qc+9TV834XTKO0ACKlXUvexcLpblBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T01:15:41.149626Z"},"content_sha256":"25273cde6abb35d4f735efdca347b9e1a3a967d9c259649f44c9f8f6496ecf9d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:25273cde6abb35d4f735efdca347b9e1a3a967d9c259649f44c9f8f6496ecf9d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"When does a disaster become a systemic event? Estimating indirect economic losses from natural disasters","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"q-fin.EC","authors_text":"Elena Rovenskaya, Elena Shchekinova, JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer, Johannes Sorger, Michael Gregor Miess, Peter Klimek, Sebastian Poledna, Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler, Stefan Schmelzer, Stefan Thurner, Ulf Dieckmann","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T20:20:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"Reliable estimates of indirect economic losses arising from natural disasters are currently out of scientific reach. To address this problem, we propose a novel approach that combines a probabilistic physical damage catastrophe model with a new generation of macroeconomic agent-based models (ABMs). The ABM moves beyond the state of the art by exploiting large data sets from detailed national accounts, census data, and business information, etc., to simulate interactions of millions of agents representing \\emph{each} natural person or legal entity in a national economy. The catastrophe model in"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.09740","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RCq6RzG02txa/rPC+fNOIETqXTztqpOcDfB+1mKMZH6nztJT3jGm9hoZPLtHW/aRNoXs1Gl8RRgYAEE4Bj51DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T01:15:41.149976Z"},"content_sha256":"cf6f7561485d6d3cd2a9611654244a83dbb529092eadbae584d6fbe581b40c6c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cf6f7561485d6d3cd2a9611654244a83dbb529092eadbae584d6fbe581b40c6c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T01:15:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3LHTV6FGPJVC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f177ca2377246ddd649c7f7d98bfdafe252d615da3919a63584ad449c66b6111","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.EC","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T20:20:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"37d957d6f98e8c8a967bd30c6b4f0903b4261b3d400251c0f32d62f855df4896"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.09740","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.09740","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.09740v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.09740","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VRWLCUL5U43K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VRWLCUL5U43KDZ3L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VRWLCUL5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cf6f7561485d6d3cd2a9611654244a83dbb529092eadbae584d6fbe581b40c6c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Reliable estimates of indirect economic losses arising from natural disasters are currently out of scientific reach. To address this problem, we propose a novel approach that combines a probabilistic physical damage catastrophe model with a new generation of macroeconomic agent-based models (ABMs). The ABM moves beyond the state of the art by exploiting large data sets from detailed national accounts, census data, and business information, etc., to simulate interactions of millions of agents representing \\emph{each} natural person or legal entity in a national economy. The catastrophe model in","authors_text":"Elena Rovenskaya, Elena Shchekinova, JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer, Johannes Sorger, Michael Gregor Miess, Peter Klimek, Sebastian Poledna, Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler, Stefan Schmelzer, Stefan Thurner, Ulf Dieckmann","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.EC","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T20:20:40Z","title":"When does a disaster become a systemic event? Estimating indirect economic losses from natural disasters"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.09740","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:25273cde6abb35d4f735efdca347b9e1a3a967d9c259649f44c9f8f6496ecf9d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f177ca2377246ddd649c7f7d98bfdafe252d615da3919a63584ad449c66b6111","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.EC","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T20:20:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"37d957d6f98e8c8a967bd30c6b4f0903b4261b3d400251c0f32d62f855df4896"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.09740","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ac6cb1517da736a1e76b3cebe299e9a88b52bed3f304bac391fdce8ecf4bbcf4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ac6cb1517da736a1e76b3cebe299e9a88b52bed3f304bac391fdce8ecf4bbcf4","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53.990153Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53.990153Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Diizmgc7/4ijAZ4vLj4hRPyn3miK7GZ+VNWgQX6WNq+TYqbzWUwqCtltY3xYAiaYdisbC4guJAxscWbWMgpgAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:53.990911Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1801.09740","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:25273cde6abb35d4f735efdca347b9e1a3a967d9c259649f44c9f8f6496ecf9d","sha256:cf6f7561485d6d3cd2a9611654244a83dbb529092eadbae584d6fbe581b40c6c"],"state_sha256":"ff3ce443e9a54c213af1b1a03c4dcbdf58ab9dfc7d70caf37bce4285e7d3d593"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"A9lu0XuvMJqYQn46xHvol1shO0YFFOs41pyJSTel2a4TC8utzXtBHmhpx3BIXOFSPnCB1ZKeSeNdD5eIyBgWBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T01:15:41.152145Z","bundle_sha256":"695da71b1738385d54804806b5fce9fc806f0711cf3aef062d08840455adf352"}}