{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY","short_pith_number":"pith:VVKMLCYT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.12417","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ex","submitted_at":"2023-09-21T18:34:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8ec064064d90afe6930c101cf649adae83a886737f50d345c04ab141823e128d","abstract_canon_sha256":"03f7254e4345ad557b9d43a80a75c391f273c71d949f623ea34f7cc198416a41"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ad54c58b13944a08b12a8de693a34c6e1353fc4445d30f3eff5919e15e185ae7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.12417","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.12417","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.12417v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.12417","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VVKMLCYTSRFA","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VVKMLCYTSRFARMJK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VVKMLCYT","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.12417","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ex","submitted_at":"2023-09-21T18:34:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8ec064064d90afe6930c101cf649adae83a886737f50d345c04ab141823e128d","abstract_canon_sha256":"03f7254e4345ad557b9d43a80a75c391f273c71d949f623ea34f7cc198416a41"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ad54c58b13944a08b12a8de693a34c6e1353fc4445d30f3eff5919e15e185ae7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44.717092Z","signature_b64":"gFPYEkgmJn88m1mLw8CP1vYJk9M+flhOqevY+ylZwt+DWlG0qpqkEvKPOwVqSPTfMFQEusTd9+WaEHrcLfc3Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ad54c58b13944a08b12a8de693a34c6e1353fc4445d30f3eff5919e15e185ae7","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44.716598Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44.716598Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.12417","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ki8yF15OySIxpeLmB0bvG14t1OXrTUCxosr6jqSosLKGG71uoBKPgT6LZKJsraMffk9V3bRZdjAeuIPdg3GbAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:43:35.894093Z"},"content_sha256":"f731a6a003715d386c7bb71aa9eb1c7623d7d83b262213e4f686b63428c974fa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f731a6a003715d386c7bb71aa9eb1c7623d7d83b262213e4f686b63428c974fa"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Advances in developing deep neural networks for finding primary vertices in proton-proton collisions at the LHC","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-ex","authors_text":"Elliott Kauffman, Henry Schreiner, Lauren Tompkins, Michael Peters, Michael Sokoloff, Mohamed Elashri, Rocky Bala Garg, Simon Akar, William Tepe","submitted_at":"2023-09-21T18:34:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"We are studying the use of deep neural networks (DNNs) to identify and locate primary vertices (PVs) in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. Earlier work focused on finding primary vertices in simulated LHCb data using a hybrid approach that started with kernel density estimators (KDEs) derived heuristically from the ensemble of charged track parameters and predicted \"target histogram\" proxies, from which the actual PV positions are extracted. We have recently demonstrated that using a UNet architecture performs indistinguishably from a \"flat\" convolutional neural network model. We have develo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.12417","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.12417/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6W2S/luzBMCyYhY0a33eZJAYsNARlvXurvmcOxmb5/ZLOOz1apn9e5cf9pNARFT6TdjGdlDUgWxpauFcUAmJDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:43:35.894560Z"},"content_sha256":"61e76d442a36516b684da3c83580554ec578d502256a89caa38be85558bc2678","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:61e76d442a36516b684da3c83580554ec578d502256a89caa38be85558bc2678"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-06T14:43:35Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:VVKMLCYTSRFARMJKRXTJHI2MNY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"03f7254e4345ad557b9d43a80a75c391f273c71d949f623ea34f7cc198416a41","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ex","submitted_at":"2023-09-21T18:34:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ec064064d90afe6930c101cf649adae83a886737f50d345c04ab141823e128d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.12417","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.12417","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.12417v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.12417","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VVKMLCYTSRFA","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VVKMLCYTSRFARMJK","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VVKMLCYT","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:61e76d442a36516b684da3c83580554ec578d502256a89caa38be85558bc2678","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.12417/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We are studying the use of deep neural networks (DNNs) to identify and locate primary vertices (PVs) in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. Earlier work focused on finding primary vertices in simulated LHCb data using a hybrid approach that started with kernel density estimators (KDEs) derived heuristically from the ensemble of charged track parameters and predicted \"target histogram\" proxies, from which the actual PV positions are extracted. We have recently demonstrated that using a UNet architecture performs indistinguishably from a \"flat\" convolutional neural network model. We have develo","authors_text":"Elliott Kauffman, Henry Schreiner, Lauren Tompkins, Michael Peters, Michael Sokoloff, Mohamed Elashri, Rocky Bala Garg, Simon Akar, William Tepe","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ex","submitted_at":"2023-09-21T18:34:00Z","title":"Advances in developing deep neural networks for finding primary vertices in proton-proton collisions at the LHC"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.12417","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f731a6a003715d386c7bb71aa9eb1c7623d7d83b262213e4f686b63428c974fa","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"03f7254e4345ad557b9d43a80a75c391f273c71d949f623ea34f7cc198416a41","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ex","submitted_at":"2023-09-21T18:34:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"8ec064064d90afe6930c101cf649adae83a886737f50d345c04ab141823e128d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.12417","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"ad54c58b13944a08b12a8de693a34c6e1353fc4445d30f3eff5919e15e185ae7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ad54c58b13944a08b12a8de693a34c6e1353fc4445d30f3eff5919e15e185ae7","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44.716598Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44.716598Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"gFPYEkgmJn88m1mLw8CP1vYJk9M+flhOqevY+ylZwt+DWlG0qpqkEvKPOwVqSPTfMFQEusTd9+WaEHrcLfc3Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:21:44.717092Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.12417","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f731a6a003715d386c7bb71aa9eb1c7623d7d83b262213e4f686b63428c974fa","sha256:61e76d442a36516b684da3c83580554ec578d502256a89caa38be85558bc2678"],"state_sha256":"9df676b4a23f0a416fbef05ed4a40a057b868f96ac0f28dd8ab803abe1771682"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0ONwBXwxj7oDrzayv398ey3VusD4AVYYtxVV3Ruw/o+j7kKpSJEbfnxBZUdWY8i+FmUUQh8YOm/8Yuup4lsrCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-06T14:43:35.898777Z","bundle_sha256":"e59ca5dcef1f4e429e7d7147293ddb88620a5ea4083c19aa560efb7022c3bae0"}}