{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE","short_pith_number":"pith:VWCRPUZY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.27711","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T21:36:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b4a565c83b67a16a9f303b7cfda4d7efbb4ee2c8c8e0dee2b485e2145e769fe7","abstract_canon_sha256":"4fd223d4c5d714a8d14af6bb86a793054b50f430ba83827e0a3f5e073a209aba"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ad8517d3385e967c2a009108a914c11910bdc21d8f412ca2956ade5d35f500c9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.27711","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.27711","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.27711v1","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.27711","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VWCRPUZYL2LH","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQA","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VWCRPUZY","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.27711","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T21:36:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b4a565c83b67a16a9f303b7cfda4d7efbb4ee2c8c8e0dee2b485e2145e769fe7","abstract_canon_sha256":"4fd223d4c5d714a8d14af6bb86a793054b50f430ba83827e0a3f5e073a209aba"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ad8517d3385e967c2a009108a914c11910bdc21d8f412ca2956ade5d35f500c9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46.914815Z","signature_b64":"COXcvRI9pWp0WKn7g44i5cQbe3LAJsQNmDQ7ZPqGLTdOMv5jpwNVmQ+Q5ebOW0HuPUw4/xTBV8C/TLCyTixqBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ad8517d3385e967c2a009108a914c11910bdc21d8f412ca2956ade5d35f500c9","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46.914470Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46.914470Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2605.27711","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vEY8jeGoHOVCpym2OXEf+v30gMOxeCSf4xscQiWgBPCVXDBeTSkjKcfTv0Y8xaWMFq4kM8Bu2o/OHwh01sYzDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T12:22:10.766683Z"},"content_sha256":"54cfdd163b84bfdeb698a6bb08898917c6888b5f66a3c7fc8f1bb55933cc8a32","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:54cfdd163b84bfdeb698a6bb08898917c6888b5f66a3c7fc8f1bb55933cc8a32"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Improving Power in Randomized Controlled Trials with Time-to-Event Endpoints: A Risk-Free Approach","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Amy Xia, Junyi Zhou, May Mo, Qing Liu","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T21:36:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Leveraging external or historical data to improve the efficiency of randomized clinical trials without introducing bias or inflating the Type I error rate remains challenging. Recent work on externally trained prognostic scores, such as PROCOVA for continuous endpoint, has demonstrated a risk-free approach via covariate adjustment. However, extending this paradigm to time-to-event endpoints is nontrivial due to the non-collapsibility of the marginal hazard ratio (HR). In this paper, we address this challenge by proposing a unified framework for incorporating complex, high-dimensional prognosti"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.27711","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.27711/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RtF2/D9P4mIy7PgcILy4vaZFUyspkzCHh8kCZG9oYfLyOPgipOwMauMqKK77t4M5Dvxn0m3JS26wQNgtJnYxAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T12:22:10.767060Z"},"content_sha256":"c5ede348f07edc1d4a71c119fec0b620786acc5500f2cda7620ea0c15bea72f8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c5ede348f07edc1d4a71c119fec0b620786acc5500f2cda7620ea0c15bea72f8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-20T12:22:10Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQASEEKSFGBDE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4fd223d4c5d714a8d14af6bb86a793054b50f430ba83827e0a3f5e073a209aba","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T21:36:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"b4a565c83b67a16a9f303b7cfda4d7efbb4ee2c8c8e0dee2b485e2145e769fe7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.27711","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.27711","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.27711v1","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.27711","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VWCRPUZYL2LH","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VWCRPUZYL2LHYKQA","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VWCRPUZY","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c5ede348f07edc1d4a71c119fec0b620786acc5500f2cda7620ea0c15bea72f8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2605.27711/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Leveraging external or historical data to improve the efficiency of randomized clinical trials without introducing bias or inflating the Type I error rate remains challenging. Recent work on externally trained prognostic scores, such as PROCOVA for continuous endpoint, has demonstrated a risk-free approach via covariate adjustment. However, extending this paradigm to time-to-event endpoints is nontrivial due to the non-collapsibility of the marginal hazard ratio (HR). In this paper, we address this challenge by proposing a unified framework for incorporating complex, high-dimensional prognosti","authors_text":"Amy Xia, Junyi Zhou, May Mo, Qing Liu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T21:36:00Z","title":"Improving Power in Randomized Controlled Trials with Time-to-Event Endpoints: A Risk-Free Approach"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.27711","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:54cfdd163b84bfdeb698a6bb08898917c6888b5f66a3c7fc8f1bb55933cc8a32","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4fd223d4c5d714a8d14af6bb86a793054b50f430ba83827e0a3f5e073a209aba","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2026-05-26T21:36:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"b4a565c83b67a16a9f303b7cfda4d7efbb4ee2c8c8e0dee2b485e2145e769fe7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.27711","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ad8517d3385e967c2a009108a914c11910bdc21d8f412ca2956ade5d35f500c9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ad8517d3385e967c2a009108a914c11910bdc21d8f412ca2956ade5d35f500c9","first_computed_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46.914470Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46.914470Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"COXcvRI9pWp0WKn7g44i5cQbe3LAJsQNmDQ7ZPqGLTdOMv5jpwNVmQ+Q5ebOW0HuPUw4/xTBV8C/TLCyTixqBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-28T01:04:46.914815Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.27711","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:54cfdd163b84bfdeb698a6bb08898917c6888b5f66a3c7fc8f1bb55933cc8a32","sha256:c5ede348f07edc1d4a71c119fec0b620786acc5500f2cda7620ea0c15bea72f8"],"state_sha256":"59370063ace9783e4725d27289a97807aad47642c92974bf10edcef131225573"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1wGHCHs5L+iO4dDYyNMrCTKd7v00EYbDxm0AFdQu39PJCASr5pfmwcowXp/ezyjlsSrderCJ60rEfXbp0rAYAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T12:22:10.769306Z","bundle_sha256":"a55baabd53782d0c1ce516dcdb2af7f822fbb5c0f5148fbdb4046cf269d82be9"}}