Pith Number

pith:VWO2OWZ6

pith:2025:VWO2OWZ6J3VJSVSSVPILKNVDNM

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Can LLMs Refuse Questions They Do Not Know? Measuring Knowledge-Aware Refusal in Factual Tasks

Haining Yu, Jie Xu, Junhao Dong, Libo Qin, Qiguang Chen, Wenbo Pan, Xiaohua Jia, Xinfeng Li

arxiv:2510.01782 v2 · 2025-10-02 · cs.CL · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{VWO2OWZ6J3VJSVSSVPILKNVDNM}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T00:02:56.176905Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

ad9da75b3e4eea995652abd0b536a36b39c21b81609f3e0c5637fa81e0b6f728

Aliases

arxiv: 2510.01782 · arxiv_version: 2510.01782v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2510.01782 · pith_short_12: VWO2OWZ6J3VJ · pith_short_16: VWO2OWZ6J3VJSVSS · pith_short_8: VWO2OWZ6

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/VWO2OWZ6J3VJSVSSVPILKNVDNM \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: ad9da75b3e4eea995652abd0b536a36b39c21b81609f3e0c5637fa81e0b6f728

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "571bea34fef0fc58a4068c9be1bcf195299ed3465e27c400f6244bd2e80882a0",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2025-10-02T08:20:36Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "c8bb22d4e74afc591f16e1029b14a9bbec0f5a7a944a0b094179353a6aad3836"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2510.01782",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}