{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:VX722YDOGTRFZ6LSH2YTE2YMTU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e57c950abb646c321af8ac7eda6b16b61358d5f0d6401da2b4dc4ba19529f68f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AR","submitted_at":"2017-12-22T04:59:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"3895cd8b8e421481a339205ad6fa13f170a775486350e5bc4f152a76adab46b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1712.08304","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1712.08304","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1712.08304v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1712.08304","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VX722YDOGTRF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VX722YDOGTRFZ6LS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VX722YDO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:98970f2ad9b760699b2242767eaba1a234e8ead6a0d0b13348d5c7e2d6b999cd","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Over the past two decades, the storage capacity and access bandwidth of main memory have improved tremendously, by 128x and 20x, respectively. These improvements are mainly due to the continuous technology scaling of DRAM (dynamic random-access memory), which has been used as the physical substrate for main memory. In stark contrast with capacity and bandwidth, DRAM latency has remained almost constant, reducing by only 1.3x in the same time frame. Therefore, long DRAM latency continues to be a critical performance bottleneck in modern systems. Increasing core counts, and the emergence of incr","authors_text":"Kevin K. Chang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AR","submitted_at":"2017-12-22T04:59:10Z","title":"Understanding and Improving the Latency of DRAM-Based Memory Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1712.08304","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3e31a751e589e919c1791dc273222d371822a463fcec2daf0fb3aeb4565f2974","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e57c950abb646c321af8ac7eda6b16b61358d5f0d6401da2b4dc4ba19529f68f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AR","submitted_at":"2017-12-22T04:59:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"3895cd8b8e421481a339205ad6fa13f170a775486350e5bc4f152a76adab46b8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1712.08304","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"adffad606e34e25cf9723eb1326b0c9d3456aeaaeb8567e0d766bf5f0a516dd9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"adffad606e34e25cf9723eb1326b0c9d3456aeaaeb8567e0d766bf5f0a516dd9","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:23.877215Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:23.877215Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"shLUllLN5mL88zWqHjcown2KXIREaj8ES+BJltLmtYnfmkkZPZ8JOy7/49TcuTja/vgolc2++1PZbrWsGwH1BA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:23.877664Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1712.08304","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3e31a751e589e919c1791dc273222d371822a463fcec2daf0fb3aeb4565f2974","sha256:98970f2ad9b760699b2242767eaba1a234e8ead6a0d0b13348d5c7e2d6b999cd"],"state_sha256":"aba210707446031d49572ae0edf7f45229afaf3f9ab6daaab6c70defd1b6409d"}