{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2013:VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW","short_pith_number":"pith:VYIR62LG","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"ae111f6966a07ed5257e3799c36cb945b00e7d9153ff77bf0eb4d9440ec62b36","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1308.5599","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Why Gauge?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Carlo Rovelli","submitted_at":"2013-08-26T14:38:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"The world appears to be well described by gauge theories; why? I suggest that gauge is more than mathematical redundancy. Gauge-dependent quantities can not be predicted, but there is a sense in which they can be measured. They describe \"handles\" though which systems couple: they represent real relational structures to which the experimentalist has access in measurement by supplying one of the relata in the measurement procedure itself. This observation leads to a physical interpretation for the ubiquity of gauge: it is a consequence of a relational structure of physical quantities."},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1308.5599","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2013-08-26T14:38:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"be9e75ba3df480d2a8b6ca57b4110974157146f2e80a4bc913fec21bbc5f1e65","abstract_canon_sha256":"65934a1f766865c978f0b39dcb7219eca464526f1da301b1d9f6c6fe15b9b23c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:33.856623Z","signature_b64":"pGGk4VgAqaIdUSMURQ4SlWSgeHwr0y10ZmYKBkVQEOf2h+bA6R3ztoYJRAgOhrjFz6uAceMIzMBktWkRzRi/Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ae111f6966a07ed5257e3799c36cb945b00e7d9153ff77bf0eb4d9440ec62b36","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:33.855916Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:33.855916Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Why Gauge?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Carlo Rovelli","submitted_at":"2013-08-26T14:38:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"The world appears to be well described by gauge theories; why? I suggest that gauge is more than mathematical redundancy. Gauge-dependent quantities can not be predicted, but there is a sense in which they can be measured. They describe \"handles\" though which systems couple: they represent real relational structures to which the experimentalist has access in measurement by supplying one of the relata in the measurement procedure itself. This observation leads to a physical interpretation for the ubiquity of gauge: it is a consequence of a relational structure of physical quantities."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1308.5599","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1308.5599","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:33.856017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1308.5599v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:33.856017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1308.5599","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:33.856017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VYIR62LGUB7N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04.890932+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04.890932+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VYIR62LG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:04.890932+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":1,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2412.14548","citing_title":"Soft edges: the many links between soft and edge modes","ref_index":81,"is_internal_anchor":true}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW","json":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/VYIR62LG"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/VYIR62LG","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1308.5599&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/VYIR62LGUB7NKJL6G6M4G3FZIW/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:33.856017+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:11:33.856017+00:00"}