{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:VZLCVGYLEEX5QLJLCFPAH3O76Q","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"554ba9890d70152bd72fc766e1aea02b606c5ad62fa55fa14bac642ab37c44e9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-06-06T16:10:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"c7cffd5015b8bbbcbcdc2c4545cbb24299240f0b00c93319750c34386b8a8873"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2106.03164","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2106.03164","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2106.03164v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2106.03164","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VZLCVGYLEEX5","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VZLCVGYLEEX5QLJL","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VZLCVGYL","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9dfb2cee6d90db10f155bb18ec36f1d6c139fdf4ffc14dcec873cf3a6199dc0d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2106.03164/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Adapter-based tuning has recently arisen as an alternative to fine-tuning. It works by adding light-weight adapter modules to a pretrained language model (PrLM) and only updating the parameters of adapter modules when learning on a downstream task. As such, it adds only a few trainable parameters per new task, allowing a high degree of parameter sharing. Prior studies have shown that adapter-based tuning often achieves comparable results to fine-tuning. However, existing work only focuses on the parameter-efficient aspect of adapter-based tuning while lacking further investigation on its effec","authors_text":"Bosheng Ding, Hai Ye, Jia-Wei Low, Lidong Bing, Linlin Liu, Liying Cheng, Luo Si, Qingyu Tan, Ruidan He","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-06-06T16:10:12Z","title":"On the Effectiveness of Adapter-based Tuning for Pretrained Language Model Adaptation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2106.03164","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ce2778df6bd197604f7f168ca2ad7089918d552567b7005dd1a176ddea37bffe","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"554ba9890d70152bd72fc766e1aea02b606c5ad62fa55fa14bac642ab37c44e9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-06-06T16:10:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"c7cffd5015b8bbbcbcdc2c4545cbb24299240f0b00c93319750c34386b8a8873"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2106.03164","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ae562a9b0b212fd82d2b115e03eddff4101c18599ea7190526c3c9f9cdbc2b89","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ae562a9b0b212fd82d2b115e03eddff4101c18599ea7190526c3c9f9cdbc2b89","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46.993907Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46.993907Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"uDilCZyBjzX2Zq07xkfVBjfq3byxlf0o5Cufe4qQZ7dwkt6x8+c1blEufA78Q/cCQqLA0tzxI9WMkI8WFOnZAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:46:46.994290Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2106.03164","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ce2778df6bd197604f7f168ca2ad7089918d552567b7005dd1a176ddea37bffe","sha256:9dfb2cee6d90db10f155bb18ec36f1d6c139fdf4ffc14dcec873cf3a6199dc0d"],"state_sha256":"c92653614b6e0f15e0494cf299aebe122a3e22c31ff3d3e0a190ca808e60cd06"}