{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3","short_pith_number":"pith:VZRX3SZ7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1911.06992","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2019-11-16T08:32:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"0f30e9c7123faf86a89dbd046e1f16f09ea81e5f4aae405a7bb2d514cabb33d4","abstract_canon_sha256":"5c2daaa6b374ce949116dea9d1ba8530407588be36ba1814c496710068db76b9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ae637dcb3f0e6aa4f9b20b7fc61d5bb6c1054eda251275b0885a95e6fc44c74e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1911.06992","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1911.06992","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1911.06992v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1911.06992","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VZRX3SZ7BZVK","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NS","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VZRX3SZ7","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1911.06992","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2019-11-16T08:32:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"0f30e9c7123faf86a89dbd046e1f16f09ea81e5f4aae405a7bb2d514cabb33d4","abstract_canon_sha256":"5c2daaa6b374ce949116dea9d1ba8530407588be36ba1814c496710068db76b9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ae637dcb3f0e6aa4f9b20b7fc61d5bb6c1054eda251275b0885a95e6fc44c74e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28.183692Z","signature_b64":"xZapTjzMUyEWIJfGdXlUwhGa3mg45xkjq/Nen6qshdUOfp1+KfnWmiDTixme+GGzwDNW2eE6scVtAik+9X+ICg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ae637dcb3f0e6aa4f9b20b7fc61d5bb6c1054eda251275b0885a95e6fc44c74e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28.183335Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28.183335Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1911.06992","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"b5k2KDnFSxUUS4cWpMPnrfWFXjBP2AQorVSAe/AM4TCJZ9nDfVItLKKlSy7VVGJVDjf1MOYluZDWxaei3AH7DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T18:27:44.740933Z"},"content_sha256":"b3eef68822127b49f1d3b69e3979513d6cf35bceb3322fcc6d117c4e8291f5f2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b3eef68822127b49f1d3b69e3979513d6cf35bceb3322fcc6d117c4e8291f5f2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Learning Efficient Multi-agent Communication: An Information Bottleneck Approach","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.MA"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Bo An, Rundong Wang, Runsheng Yu, Wei Qiu, Xu He, Zinovi Rabinovich","submitted_at":"2019-11-16T08:32:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"We consider the problem of the limited-bandwidth communication for multi-agent reinforcement learning, where agents cooperate with the assistance of a communication protocol and a scheduler. The protocol and scheduler jointly determine which agent is communicating what message and to whom. Under the limited bandwidth constraint, a communication protocol is required to generate informative messages. Meanwhile, an unnecessary communication connection should not be established because it occupies limited resources in vain. In this paper, we develop an Informative Multi-Agent Communication (IMAC) "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1911.06992","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1911.06992/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mEWSwoWc5Kkr5uWdwCX1FVinDFLURucvVJMxvLDh3VkpZ9f14FZ/Rte6hEddKW7kN/ss5H8gMllmT3DZYLBqBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T18:27:44.741436Z"},"content_sha256":"edbe09632bb26f898fb4020c1b77c6de2770624e3af9c141d0aeb8c195c95b24","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:edbe09632bb26f898fb4020c1b77c6de2770624e3af9c141d0aeb8c195c95b24"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-22T18:27:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NSBN74MHK3W3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5c2daaa6b374ce949116dea9d1ba8530407588be36ba1814c496710068db76b9","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2019-11-16T08:32:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f30e9c7123faf86a89dbd046e1f16f09ea81e5f4aae405a7bb2d514cabb33d4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1911.06992","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1911.06992","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1911.06992v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1911.06992","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VZRX3SZ7BZVK","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VZRX3SZ7BZVKJ6NS","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VZRX3SZ7","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:edbe09632bb26f898fb4020c1b77c6de2770624e3af9c141d0aeb8c195c95b24","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1911.06992/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We consider the problem of the limited-bandwidth communication for multi-agent reinforcement learning, where agents cooperate with the assistance of a communication protocol and a scheduler. The protocol and scheduler jointly determine which agent is communicating what message and to whom. Under the limited bandwidth constraint, a communication protocol is required to generate informative messages. Meanwhile, an unnecessary communication connection should not be established because it occupies limited resources in vain. In this paper, we develop an Informative Multi-Agent Communication (IMAC) ","authors_text":"Bo An, Rundong Wang, Runsheng Yu, Wei Qiu, Xu He, Zinovi Rabinovich","cross_cats":["cs.MA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2019-11-16T08:32:49Z","title":"Learning Efficient Multi-agent Communication: An Information Bottleneck Approach"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1911.06992","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b3eef68822127b49f1d3b69e3979513d6cf35bceb3322fcc6d117c4e8291f5f2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5c2daaa6b374ce949116dea9d1ba8530407588be36ba1814c496710068db76b9","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.MA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2019-11-16T08:32:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f30e9c7123faf86a89dbd046e1f16f09ea81e5f4aae405a7bb2d514cabb33d4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1911.06992","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"ae637dcb3f0e6aa4f9b20b7fc61d5bb6c1054eda251275b0885a95e6fc44c74e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ae637dcb3f0e6aa4f9b20b7fc61d5bb6c1054eda251275b0885a95e6fc44c74e","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28.183335Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28.183335Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xZapTjzMUyEWIJfGdXlUwhGa3mg45xkjq/Nen6qshdUOfp1+KfnWmiDTixme+GGzwDNW2eE6scVtAik+9X+ICg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:12:28.183692Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1911.06992","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b3eef68822127b49f1d3b69e3979513d6cf35bceb3322fcc6d117c4e8291f5f2","sha256:edbe09632bb26f898fb4020c1b77c6de2770624e3af9c141d0aeb8c195c95b24"],"state_sha256":"986699ef878061024c5319528bbbbd0231ab55c17487830b0147370238fd1d0e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Qs2kc0wEnIjNiPVXODKtqfY2SL6rpKFB1vQ+49pFQdkl4EqwEqAEe3kIDzCPq7ZnrTAPFaBb0b5FJ6VTx+nKCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T18:27:44.746208Z","bundle_sha256":"77fef0222cda2d67a58986d1733213d1d4c9ce21ef24d91b7ff361a5895f8c85"}}