{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU","short_pith_number":"pith:W3BDGXVQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.09012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-01-31T12:34:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bdf99c2a27516adf3163081c0a3f2501652b25629d5f20f960bed0552c38afa8","abstract_canon_sha256":"11475b86cd1c3fd9999c1f3f91cfa3861139e4d526f5b48a6290b39fdc8df270"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b6c2335eb0d47210df9947787cec5dbd2ed81e3d8373ac791287c2fb8247a8a7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1701.09012","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.09012","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.09012v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.09012","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"W3BDGXVQ2RZB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"W3BDGXVQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.09012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-01-31T12:34:37Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bdf99c2a27516adf3163081c0a3f2501652b25629d5f20f960bed0552c38afa8","abstract_canon_sha256":"11475b86cd1c3fd9999c1f3f91cfa3861139e4d526f5b48a6290b39fdc8df270"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b6c2335eb0d47210df9947787cec5dbd2ed81e3d8373ac791287c2fb8247a8a7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12.905693Z","signature_b64":"pcKeAa92Ex5jdwAhSLm3wnZZ6zlzKfxOl6MZZa74bkh3qZJKYX5y44Zuynfxe1rndu3wZqLfLGRH+MXxNF4kAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b6c2335eb0d47210df9947787cec5dbd2ed81e3d8373ac791287c2fb8247a8a7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12.905224Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12.905224Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1701.09012","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"w5Ca91eGcVmICZR/w1mwGKt22nQ9OjM7q2unm6jZhr6baVeZ14GeiXBBGEBqLouH7MturUuiZANtbClYW6QPBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:08:10.997513Z"},"content_sha256":"1b07ce9ca0c65ff42493f2fe7a92c3402009ce1c3c6799f555028df6226b5c4c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1b07ce9ca0c65ff42493f2fe7a92c3402009ce1c3c6799f555028df6226b5c4c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The close pair fraction of BCGs since $z=0.5$: major mergers dominate recent BCG stellar mass growth","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Dani\\`el N. Groenewald, David G. Gilbank, Rosalind E. Skelton, S. Ilani Loubser","submitted_at":"2017-01-31T12:34:37Z","abstract_excerpt":"Using the redMaPPer cluster catalogue based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry, we investigate the importance of major mergers in the stellar mass build-up of brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) between $0.08 \\leq z \\leq 0.50$. We use the SDSS spectroscopy, supplemented with spectroscopic observations from the Southern African Large Telescope at higher redshifts, to identify which BCGs and nearby companions are potential major merger candidates. We use the pair fraction as a proxy for the merger fraction in order to determine how much stellar mass growth the BCGs have experienced "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.09012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"viwNrIRd3qL82GlkGVOQgXK0ADK5uyqw3deFS0fQCIvJVSZ6xnvDccD2MSZwMqSMlNvTmTaMQe0ZPz8fByZ4CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:08:10.997852Z"},"content_sha256":"7395a0be165e96a9285d3b2d620ebd431dbbbb8ff7bc4e75bb3f1208c9da7234","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7395a0be165e96a9285d3b2d620ebd431dbbbb8ff7bc4e75bb3f1208c9da7234"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-05T03:08:10Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4ZI54HZ3C5XU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"11475b86cd1c3fd9999c1f3f91cfa3861139e4d526f5b48a6290b39fdc8df270","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-01-31T12:34:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"bdf99c2a27516adf3163081c0a3f2501652b25629d5f20f960bed0552c38afa8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1701.09012","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.09012","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.09012v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.09012","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"W3BDGXVQ2RZB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"W3BDGXVQ2RZBBX4Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"W3BDGXVQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7395a0be165e96a9285d3b2d620ebd431dbbbb8ff7bc4e75bb3f1208c9da7234","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Using the redMaPPer cluster catalogue based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry, we investigate the importance of major mergers in the stellar mass build-up of brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) between $0.08 \\leq z \\leq 0.50$. We use the SDSS spectroscopy, supplemented with spectroscopic observations from the Southern African Large Telescope at higher redshifts, to identify which BCGs and nearby companions are potential major merger candidates. We use the pair fraction as a proxy for the merger fraction in order to determine how much stellar mass growth the BCGs have experienced ","authors_text":"Dani\\`el N. Groenewald, David G. Gilbank, Rosalind E. Skelton, S. Ilani Loubser","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-01-31T12:34:37Z","title":"The close pair fraction of BCGs since $z=0.5$: major mergers dominate recent BCG stellar mass growth"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.09012","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1b07ce9ca0c65ff42493f2fe7a92c3402009ce1c3c6799f555028df6226b5c4c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"11475b86cd1c3fd9999c1f3f91cfa3861139e4d526f5b48a6290b39fdc8df270","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-01-31T12:34:37Z","title_canon_sha256":"bdf99c2a27516adf3163081c0a3f2501652b25629d5f20f960bed0552c38afa8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1701.09012","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b6c2335eb0d47210df9947787cec5dbd2ed81e3d8373ac791287c2fb8247a8a7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b6c2335eb0d47210df9947787cec5dbd2ed81e3d8373ac791287c2fb8247a8a7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12.905224Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12.905224Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pcKeAa92Ex5jdwAhSLm3wnZZ6zlzKfxOl6MZZa74bkh3qZJKYX5y44Zuynfxe1rndu3wZqLfLGRH+MXxNF4kAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:12.905693Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1701.09012","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1b07ce9ca0c65ff42493f2fe7a92c3402009ce1c3c6799f555028df6226b5c4c","sha256:7395a0be165e96a9285d3b2d620ebd431dbbbb8ff7bc4e75bb3f1208c9da7234"],"state_sha256":"942d84db50876f74ed866a644ea2b84809e2a23208d84e70b6019297b96b6ca7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hDNu6xjIR2zLTl46ZkXbPSht7UqGQBD2CXq6NqHqBBi7ugI4CL2tNQ44EdSOHJ1Amr48cd/FOU4PgC4Iil25BA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:08:10.999745Z","bundle_sha256":"80c9542c1bdcb6c7479bac59a178c8e91d4d2f2dacc3635bc92682433a7f7e35"}}