{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT","short_pith_number":"pith:W4INQ2FU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.03118","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-06-07T14:15:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"a3e9d47010ec1a64a618490872522f5b3adc9bd680e6faea3377d7e7fd7e0b59","abstract_canon_sha256":"b1f1616b02718cb944fd6095b942bae98f72036484360a80a2339d1776dcc123"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b710d868b4d9e24379c9ba7540c6fb14c096d140778f644cb3dc6d6d72b8f92c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1906.03118","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.03118","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.03118v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.03118","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"W4INQ2FU3HRE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"W4INQ2FU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1906.03118","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-06-07T14:15:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"a3e9d47010ec1a64a618490872522f5b3adc9bd680e6faea3377d7e7fd7e0b59","abstract_canon_sha256":"b1f1616b02718cb944fd6095b942bae98f72036484360a80a2339d1776dcc123"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b710d868b4d9e24379c9ba7540c6fb14c096d140778f644cb3dc6d6d72b8f92c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54.941601Z","signature_b64":"FGqQBCHBVtKLduL8Pn4lgNij+DY4GSvaI92IVudQOeJU9GEIcyf3OAXkUQL8/KtmmwZNPEC1mOIz0gmKZlvgBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b710d868b4d9e24379c9ba7540c6fb14c096d140778f644cb3dc6d6d72b8f92c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54.940947Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54.940947Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1906.03118","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"89QLFiYLYXpA1B1zVhVTBbik+p3F0yXnMy8EtbZrqO1PjbBO1hdDrT77y4bXHYK/sdS16EHT9KSFipUz+w4xBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T18:02:46.354031Z"},"content_sha256":"a364284fd018d0ab0271701a2f11c5080a779d2dc63a0a62cd067534c589c4bf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a364284fd018d0ab0271701a2f11c5080a779d2dc63a0a62cd067534c589c4bf"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Reliable Estimation of Individual Treatment Effect with Causal Information Bottleneck","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Eunho Yang, Sung Ju Hwang, Sungyub Kim, Yongsu Baek","submitted_at":"2019-06-07T14:15:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"Estimating individual level treatment effects (ITE) from observational data is a challenging and important area in causal machine learning and is commonly considered in diverse mission-critical applications. In this paper, we propose an information theoretic approach in order to find more reliable representations for estimating ITE. We leverage the Information Bottleneck (IB) principle, which addresses the trade-off between conciseness and predictive power of representation. With the introduction of an extended graphical model for causal information bottleneck, we encourage the independence be"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.03118","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7cMNoOumxMkRDpXamB3U3Z0LaKSs6G8bGWi60fqpmAt6loxwGM8e8o2MOCHtV/Gzw57eSobp0rk40LBnpuESDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T18:02:46.354390Z"},"content_sha256":"55be916bc18ec96cea54f1d7806c9dc9179e1be25c5375bf1dbdef29b9ca47a0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:55be916bc18ec96cea54f1d7806c9dc9179e1be25c5375bf1dbdef29b9ca47a0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-04T18:02:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJXJ2UBRX3CT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b1f1616b02718cb944fd6095b942bae98f72036484360a80a2339d1776dcc123","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-06-07T14:15:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"a3e9d47010ec1a64a618490872522f5b3adc9bd680e6faea3377d7e7fd7e0b59"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1906.03118","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1906.03118","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1906.03118v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1906.03118","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"W4INQ2FU3HRE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"W4INQ2FU3HREG6OJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"W4INQ2FU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:55be916bc18ec96cea54f1d7806c9dc9179e1be25c5375bf1dbdef29b9ca47a0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Estimating individual level treatment effects (ITE) from observational data is a challenging and important area in causal machine learning and is commonly considered in diverse mission-critical applications. In this paper, we propose an information theoretic approach in order to find more reliable representations for estimating ITE. We leverage the Information Bottleneck (IB) principle, which addresses the trade-off between conciseness and predictive power of representation. With the introduction of an extended graphical model for causal information bottleneck, we encourage the independence be","authors_text":"Eunho Yang, Sung Ju Hwang, Sungyub Kim, Yongsu Baek","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-06-07T14:15:55Z","title":"Reliable Estimation of Individual Treatment Effect with Causal Information Bottleneck"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1906.03118","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a364284fd018d0ab0271701a2f11c5080a779d2dc63a0a62cd067534c589c4bf","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b1f1616b02718cb944fd6095b942bae98f72036484360a80a2339d1776dcc123","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2019-06-07T14:15:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"a3e9d47010ec1a64a618490872522f5b3adc9bd680e6faea3377d7e7fd7e0b59"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1906.03118","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b710d868b4d9e24379c9ba7540c6fb14c096d140778f644cb3dc6d6d72b8f92c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b710d868b4d9e24379c9ba7540c6fb14c096d140778f644cb3dc6d6d72b8f92c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54.940947Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54.940947Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FGqQBCHBVtKLduL8Pn4lgNij+DY4GSvaI92IVudQOeJU9GEIcyf3OAXkUQL8/KtmmwZNPEC1mOIz0gmKZlvgBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:54.941601Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1906.03118","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a364284fd018d0ab0271701a2f11c5080a779d2dc63a0a62cd067534c589c4bf","sha256:55be916bc18ec96cea54f1d7806c9dc9179e1be25c5375bf1dbdef29b9ca47a0"],"state_sha256":"eefea73425b6d38dd474dc359df0e57b90e2caa2bf466518e9634d9b58f93865"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uvUnk2e+5dkTQJoMXdzKGbnCiIbstShvHRmg0jojz8CntE3GPyQhSBI3XFr/1WrfZHEbal9stsYSoa6msTUEDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T18:02:46.356429Z","bundle_sha256":"c2cee6bfcc4743c99b8004347647005208d4b3771849b52ab96efbe75aa55289"}}