{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73","short_pith_number":"pith:WADW5HWV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2107.12415","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-07-26T18:10:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"edad2fc2fea7b1119a0b3ed2610d3c10104d27a9802e8a7b985df3206ee510f3","abstract_canon_sha256":"551c4c2c8f7f0ab7e3e5e9100157497c83525b9694d2ff19f314271914ad856b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b0076e9ed55960ed47af0aae7d338ffedb54711cc4353ab846209e2c2d8b68a5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2107.12415","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2107.12415","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2107.12415v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2107.12415","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WADW5HWVLFQO","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WADW5HWVLFQO2R5P","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WADW5HWV","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2107.12415","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-07-26T18:10:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"edad2fc2fea7b1119a0b3ed2610d3c10104d27a9802e8a7b985df3206ee510f3","abstract_canon_sha256":"551c4c2c8f7f0ab7e3e5e9100157497c83525b9694d2ff19f314271914ad856b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b0076e9ed55960ed47af0aae7d338ffedb54711cc4353ab846209e2c2d8b68a5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48.688527Z","signature_b64":"dOhGL9yiQ5N7eu04AENMJnMmOkFkzgQ4d5906mGFYEBreh+DM4AwvmM3eCJOkOB6eikxABGOOMRZmTVVB80DAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b0076e9ed55960ed47af0aae7d338ffedb54711cc4353ab846209e2c2d8b68a5","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48.688090Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48.688090Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2107.12415","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0GfmbcGk8u7THCMjKLxMokaj3kBbvWzUdS2RoJ77MtPkR5T82RgxZJm0eBKZ870zS+rJVHE1KhM9Rq21e8ktAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T21:57:48.119548Z"},"content_sha256":"3e0b53b68e27035679ffd9ab7ea142c22767f2b80c20b04bbd7905d1d2375e00","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3e0b53b68e27035679ffd9ab7ea142c22767f2b80c20b04bbd7905d1d2375e00"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quantum communications in a moderate-to-strong turbulent space","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Masoud Ghalaii, Stefano Pirandola","submitted_at":"2021-07-26T18:10:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"Since the invention of the laser in the 60s, one of the most fundamental communication channels has been the free-space optical channel. For this type of channel, a number of effects generally need to be considered, including diffraction, refraction, atmospheric extinction, pointing errors and, most importantly, turbulence. Because of all these adverse features, the free-space optical (FSO) channel is more difficult to study than a stable fiber-based link. For the same reasons, only recently it has been possible to establish the ultimate performances achievable in quantum communications via fr"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2107.12415","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2107.12415/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DumPjvcQgcUU5IabD0aJszGA0c5LWJKZdnqx6DiowqltXBicI27ajgGXuiIAnXhw2jeDU+Gj3PaklDyyCnkCCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T21:57:48.119919Z"},"content_sha256":"1a5f164f81130f51a6ba33fd515a5b02ee81ee118c3334d4b40e99179474781a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1a5f164f81130f51a6ba33fd515a5b02ee81ee118c3334d4b40e99179474781a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-08T21:57:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:WADW5HWVLFQO2R5PBKXH2M4P73","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"551c4c2c8f7f0ab7e3e5e9100157497c83525b9694d2ff19f314271914ad856b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-07-26T18:10:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"edad2fc2fea7b1119a0b3ed2610d3c10104d27a9802e8a7b985df3206ee510f3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2107.12415","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2107.12415","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2107.12415v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2107.12415","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WADW5HWVLFQO","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WADW5HWVLFQO2R5P","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WADW5HWV","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1a5f164f81130f51a6ba33fd515a5b02ee81ee118c3334d4b40e99179474781a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2107.12415/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Since the invention of the laser in the 60s, one of the most fundamental communication channels has been the free-space optical channel. For this type of channel, a number of effects generally need to be considered, including diffraction, refraction, atmospheric extinction, pointing errors and, most importantly, turbulence. Because of all these adverse features, the free-space optical (FSO) channel is more difficult to study than a stable fiber-based link. For the same reasons, only recently it has been possible to establish the ultimate performances achievable in quantum communications via fr","authors_text":"Masoud Ghalaii, Stefano Pirandola","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-07-26T18:10:43Z","title":"Quantum communications in a moderate-to-strong turbulent space"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2107.12415","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3e0b53b68e27035679ffd9ab7ea142c22767f2b80c20b04bbd7905d1d2375e00","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"551c4c2c8f7f0ab7e3e5e9100157497c83525b9694d2ff19f314271914ad856b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2021-07-26T18:10:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"edad2fc2fea7b1119a0b3ed2610d3c10104d27a9802e8a7b985df3206ee510f3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2107.12415","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"b0076e9ed55960ed47af0aae7d338ffedb54711cc4353ab846209e2c2d8b68a5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b0076e9ed55960ed47af0aae7d338ffedb54711cc4353ab846209e2c2d8b68a5","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48.688090Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48.688090Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"dOhGL9yiQ5N7eu04AENMJnMmOkFkzgQ4d5906mGFYEBreh+DM4AwvmM3eCJOkOB6eikxABGOOMRZmTVVB80DAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:55:48.688527Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2107.12415","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3e0b53b68e27035679ffd9ab7ea142c22767f2b80c20b04bbd7905d1d2375e00","sha256:1a5f164f81130f51a6ba33fd515a5b02ee81ee118c3334d4b40e99179474781a"],"state_sha256":"9706d7009e659b7fdc24020cf434b22e775a421faac69906db14614756ebdf65"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Njfuv3ujdYEISSyxCH0YAWHfgyz7lBgPkAubIwUk/PuvzX3sk2jK4J3M0i9kvRAtZiJb+wdhm/rPYtayinJRDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T21:57:48.122127Z","bundle_sha256":"ea676c32eec7b346ec7af12a52fa2dd661740c1d5e18b6ad1bfd3cc5ed3adb40"}}