{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS","short_pith_number":"pith:WB6X6H7F","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.01086","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-02T12:54:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"f6db77fb92f9007a027cd6dec9fcb82ad0283471da2358e47068d8d2f5c7a57c","abstract_canon_sha256":"ca83c578d0dd9427828482e705b7b1203c267c404aa220e144cfe4c65feadaf9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b07d7f1fe55f411d923926c26568de44a13e3932c2f1461ebd6b8aff80457960","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2211.01086","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.01086","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.01086v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.01086","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WB6X6H7FL5AR","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WB6X6H7F","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.01086","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-02T12:54:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"f6db77fb92f9007a027cd6dec9fcb82ad0283471da2358e47068d8d2f5c7a57c","abstract_canon_sha256":"ca83c578d0dd9427828482e705b7b1203c267c404aa220e144cfe4c65feadaf9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b07d7f1fe55f411d923926c26568de44a13e3932c2f1461ebd6b8aff80457960","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37.950594Z","signature_b64":"M5Iho3BpQUYACXyM4Yy9+69VT0x47aodd1G2gOGhkBud0gdX+qDBylCVY2aFvLEYf8s3aNXh7/ze6d/SYnT8Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b07d7f1fe55f411d923926c26568de44a13e3932c2f1461ebd6b8aff80457960","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37.950220Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37.950220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2211.01086","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9yHi3LcowrVwS4MauetPUDk0NBu0gj4Pytwqo7gDN5fKOrRxlyoWtDs/gxGXvSNRLWFsHgQkYYfciGVbVNH7Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T22:39:20.953393Z"},"content_sha256":"c9a916bc3e52b73a8e70d8e4c4312a3faed62bb1f8de5d3972cd2ddbabfeea2e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c9a916bc3e52b73a8e70d8e4c4312a3faed62bb1f8de5d3972cd2ddbabfeea2e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Generative Poisoning Using Random Discriminators","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR","cs.CV"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Alex Kolmus, Dirren van Vlijmen, Martha Larson, Zhengyu Zhao, Zhuoran Liu","submitted_at":"2022-11-02T12:54:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"We introduce ShortcutGen, a new data poisoning attack that generates sample-dependent, error-minimizing perturbations by learning a generator. The key novelty of ShortcutGen is the use of a randomly-initialized discriminator, which provides spurious shortcuts needed for generating poisons. Different from recent, iterative methods, our ShortcutGen can generate perturbations with only one forward pass in a label-free manner, and compared to the only existing generative method, DeepConfuse, our ShortcutGen is faster and simpler to train while remaining competitive. We also demonstrate that integr"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.01086","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2211.01086/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gJ7QBoSrJPiCWTWnlJUSTldGncvxsMBFualABwSBbg14k8WUPsEqQhxWThCf3GxjRudaGSzQcSaiaHpCCf0eAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T22:39:20.953901Z"},"content_sha256":"c53ae50cb748fecd4f1a9443c772b898a419e65ab151f81d2811c88b41881e92","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c53ae50cb748fecd4f1a9443c772b898a419e65ab151f81d2811c88b41881e92"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-15T22:39:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZE3BGK2G6IS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ca83c578d0dd9427828482e705b7b1203c267c404aa220e144cfe4c65feadaf9","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.CV"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-02T12:54:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"f6db77fb92f9007a027cd6dec9fcb82ad0283471da2358e47068d8d2f5c7a57c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.01086","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.01086","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.01086v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.01086","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WB6X6H7FL5AR","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WB6X6H7FL5AR3ERZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WB6X6H7F","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c53ae50cb748fecd4f1a9443c772b898a419e65ab151f81d2811c88b41881e92","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2211.01086/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We introduce ShortcutGen, a new data poisoning attack that generates sample-dependent, error-minimizing perturbations by learning a generator. The key novelty of ShortcutGen is the use of a randomly-initialized discriminator, which provides spurious shortcuts needed for generating poisons. Different from recent, iterative methods, our ShortcutGen can generate perturbations with only one forward pass in a label-free manner, and compared to the only existing generative method, DeepConfuse, our ShortcutGen is faster and simpler to train while remaining competitive. We also demonstrate that integr","authors_text":"Alex Kolmus, Dirren van Vlijmen, Martha Larson, Zhengyu Zhao, Zhuoran Liu","cross_cats":["cs.CR","cs.CV"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-02T12:54:27Z","title":"Generative Poisoning Using Random Discriminators"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.01086","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c9a916bc3e52b73a8e70d8e4c4312a3faed62bb1f8de5d3972cd2ddbabfeea2e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ca83c578d0dd9427828482e705b7b1203c267c404aa220e144cfe4c65feadaf9","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","cs.CV"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2022-11-02T12:54:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"f6db77fb92f9007a027cd6dec9fcb82ad0283471da2358e47068d8d2f5c7a57c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.01086","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b07d7f1fe55f411d923926c26568de44a13e3932c2f1461ebd6b8aff80457960","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b07d7f1fe55f411d923926c26568de44a13e3932c2f1461ebd6b8aff80457960","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37.950220Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37.950220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"M5Iho3BpQUYACXyM4Yy9+69VT0x47aodd1G2gOGhkBud0gdX+qDBylCVY2aFvLEYf8s3aNXh7/ze6d/SYnT8Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:12:37.950594Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2211.01086","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c9a916bc3e52b73a8e70d8e4c4312a3faed62bb1f8de5d3972cd2ddbabfeea2e","sha256:c53ae50cb748fecd4f1a9443c772b898a419e65ab151f81d2811c88b41881e92"],"state_sha256":"c926108bd7f431f55fa71a27138cff79fe829c2a492cb2310e1485da70608f3f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p9R0MjunXbjWZ58iREiwnnwhqSTNJguu3O1LEBgIyqzIvuXl+sStCx8puThi5UBIm5mQk/NuYzuSvSoHB1fqBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T22:39:20.958846Z","bundle_sha256":"bae71977bfc70ea32060b1bb704f3781c99c42a934cb4822d8fffb6f29e48723"}}