{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP","short_pith_number":"pith:WBIEI5CQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.02627","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-06T01:21:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"c5c1e7cf9b3f8741f1411dbb5115d3ab0df745301175a504ecd8e75ed6b1eb0e","abstract_canon_sha256":"4f983191e61b85030b2f22f00c6d95486005c606c67bc3979012c8780eef14aa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b050447450f613069e089425c79e2443c1496cc5ca8bc7b1308fb02a8177e208","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2210.02627","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.02627","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.02627v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.02627","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WBIEI5CQ6YJQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQI","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WBIEI5CQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2210.02627","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-06T01:21:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"c5c1e7cf9b3f8741f1411dbb5115d3ab0df745301175a504ecd8e75ed6b1eb0e","abstract_canon_sha256":"4f983191e61b85030b2f22f00c6d95486005c606c67bc3979012c8780eef14aa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b050447450f613069e089425c79e2443c1496cc5ca8bc7b1308fb02a8177e208","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05.836306Z","signature_b64":"21ad3efDIJGBQ9Ql6J+8t1Ywxh9AmQNNTmLsOjb0NcPezZ5jKkDNGnT0qRZgMPtJ8GUbnl1W/1+x++AKs94AAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b050447450f613069e089425c79e2443c1496cc5ca8bc7b1308fb02a8177e208","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05.835847Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05.835847Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2210.02627","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GaefNS7/GEBsGASXccxYtxHS5CKpJd9RNx3wz8WIDQb9VqhrJqqeQBRe/dIYWVzNbdR7ukelGI33X4RH1j2nDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:00:08.683841Z"},"content_sha256":"2cbe37ecb80d9c5a2c6c4b7fa10f8c6c46bab31fac43ccccf2cbbbd3a3c685f2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2cbe37ecb80d9c5a2c6c4b7fa10f8c6c46bab31fac43ccccf2cbbbd3a3c685f2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Improving the Domain Adaptation of Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) Models for Open Domain Question Answering","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Elliott Wen, Rajib Rana, Rivindu Weerasekera, Shamane Siriwardhana, Suranga Nanayakkara, Tharindu Kaluarachchi","submitted_at":"2022-10-06T01:21:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"Retrieval Augment Generation (RAG) is a recent advancement in Open-Domain Question Answering (ODQA). RAG has only been trained and explored with a Wikipedia-based external knowledge base and is not optimized for use in other specialized domains such as healthcare and news. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of joint training of the retriever and generator components of RAG for the task of domain adaptation in ODQA. We propose \\textit{RAG-end2end}, an extension to RAG, that can adapt to a domain-specific knowledge base by updating all components of the external knowledge base during training"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.02627","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2210.02627/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CeQIU3gFesP5I5z5SGsbbvokxMPfUuHCTkjgYpezDjlLL8WGqxXGolUA5rPwmXrNneZwcA3DGuBGxl+ew9j1Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:00:08.684966Z"},"content_sha256":"61de2731deb0ea3a352910f40630f67276bd4c23690a4277e62789aa30de5e6e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:61de2731deb0ea3a352910f40630f67276bd4c23690a4277e62789aa30de5e6e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-14T16:00:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQISQS4PHREIP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4f983191e61b85030b2f22f00c6d95486005c606c67bc3979012c8780eef14aa","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-06T01:21:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"c5c1e7cf9b3f8741f1411dbb5115d3ab0df745301175a504ecd8e75ed6b1eb0e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.02627","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2210.02627","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2210.02627v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2210.02627","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WBIEI5CQ6YJQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WBIEI5CQ6YJQNHQI","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WBIEI5CQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:61de2731deb0ea3a352910f40630f67276bd4c23690a4277e62789aa30de5e6e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2210.02627/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Retrieval Augment Generation (RAG) is a recent advancement in Open-Domain Question Answering (ODQA). RAG has only been trained and explored with a Wikipedia-based external knowledge base and is not optimized for use in other specialized domains such as healthcare and news. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of joint training of the retriever and generator components of RAG for the task of domain adaptation in ODQA. We propose \\textit{RAG-end2end}, an extension to RAG, that can adapt to a domain-specific knowledge base by updating all components of the external knowledge base during training","authors_text":"Elliott Wen, Rajib Rana, Rivindu Weerasekera, Shamane Siriwardhana, Suranga Nanayakkara, Tharindu Kaluarachchi","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-06T01:21:25Z","title":"Improving the Domain Adaptation of Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) Models for Open Domain Question Answering"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2210.02627","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2cbe37ecb80d9c5a2c6c4b7fa10f8c6c46bab31fac43ccccf2cbbbd3a3c685f2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4f983191e61b85030b2f22f00c6d95486005c606c67bc3979012c8780eef14aa","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2022-10-06T01:21:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"c5c1e7cf9b3f8741f1411dbb5115d3ab0df745301175a504ecd8e75ed6b1eb0e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2210.02627","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b050447450f613069e089425c79e2443c1496cc5ca8bc7b1308fb02a8177e208","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b050447450f613069e089425c79e2443c1496cc5ca8bc7b1308fb02a8177e208","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05.835847Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05.835847Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"21ad3efDIJGBQ9Ql6J+8t1Ywxh9AmQNNTmLsOjb0NcPezZ5jKkDNGnT0qRZgMPtJ8GUbnl1W/1+x++AKs94AAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:16:05.836306Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2210.02627","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2cbe37ecb80d9c5a2c6c4b7fa10f8c6c46bab31fac43ccccf2cbbbd3a3c685f2","sha256:61de2731deb0ea3a352910f40630f67276bd4c23690a4277e62789aa30de5e6e"],"state_sha256":"47fc1fb39fe2ba187545b70e4e67f394aebf15811922a4860fdf87ff317d0170"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LW5wNY68g0YDrDra2VeZvUAMTCBAxe8M7mWjuq+oFYHKU34HuP3YnHjYfoRXtfrMus8fXZ0ujS+Sxo7xcgBDCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-14T16:00:08.690296Z","bundle_sha256":"c03ea42a601e9dc22305c887016f8f1cd561e6c31eae65b0cb7cd485eebd3a49"}}