{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ","short_pith_number":"pith:WBK22EZT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1004.3519","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2010-04-20T18:04:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"19cc82ea12a0a945ce83dfa23b3b5fbd4c03ca5d1be79c1aad2e9e6426b2ff52","abstract_canon_sha256":"5e87d0f89fdffec9f747584a920d989300eb11328c8ea442f5042799399ac62f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b055ad1333fba7103bd5d30bd84118542863830370e3629bb2bdfdbbe049a50a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1004.3519","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1004.3519","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1004.3519v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1004.3519","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WBK22EZT7OTR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WBK22EZT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1004.3519","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2010-04-20T18:04:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"19cc82ea12a0a945ce83dfa23b3b5fbd4c03ca5d1be79c1aad2e9e6426b2ff52","abstract_canon_sha256":"5e87d0f89fdffec9f747584a920d989300eb11328c8ea442f5042799399ac62f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b055ad1333fba7103bd5d30bd84118542863830370e3629bb2bdfdbbe049a50a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33.856803Z","signature_b64":"NlLRlXx+zc85mDTlCtcHHDbOHKZJ2o79ORnI4l5E2AVLGr3jA+IBHdKZiiEXGvmEss4PbLZ+eAPngnKkSW/yAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b055ad1333fba7103bd5d30bd84118542863830370e3629bb2bdfdbbe049a50a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33.856410Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33.856410Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1004.3519","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uiWxZ17ztSIBiIRIWw27SsXQ9oJ8PmHBrVwUHmt8td4QJPXSEveOr+5NXXT5wKsJ/0FJArj0AtD33K7Uo0MFAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T13:38:45.185594Z"},"content_sha256":"79d2de6dc00621b9f555dfcb413c5dc90414c66f54bf41a6bf141336cbaafa14","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:79d2de6dc00621b9f555dfcb413c5dc90414c66f54bf41a6bf141336cbaafa14"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2010:WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Atmospheric neutrino oscillations and tau neutrinos in ice","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Gerardo Giordano, Irina Mocioiu, Olga Mena","submitted_at":"2010-04-20T18:04:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"The main goal of the IceCube Deep Core Array is to search for neutrinos of astrophysical origins. Atmospheric neutrinos are commonly considered as a background for these searches. We show here that cascade measurements in the Ice Cube Deep Core Array can provide strong evidence for tau neutrino appearance in atmospheric neutrino oscillations. A careful study of these tau neutrinos is crucial, since they constitute an irreducible background for astrophysical neutrino detection."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1004.3519","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5hdx2BL+FrHaf5wOHbVgpmCDmwIUXJSfQYtbcNijPdXSQwA0G6Je5zJc1e2i1F0AwVZS7e40F/mfwAfCGPaACw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T13:38:45.186236Z"},"content_sha256":"ec6d1542aa67ec6999730739557504f6cdfdf9e9cbc34444167e4981a7a8b804","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ec6d1542aa67ec6999730739557504f6cdfdf9e9cbc34444167e4981a7a8b804"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-10T13:38:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2010:WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V2MF5QQIYKQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5e87d0f89fdffec9f747584a920d989300eb11328c8ea442f5042799399ac62f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2010-04-20T18:04:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"19cc82ea12a0a945ce83dfa23b3b5fbd4c03ca5d1be79c1aad2e9e6426b2ff52"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1004.3519","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1004.3519","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1004.3519v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1004.3519","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WBK22EZT7OTR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WBK22EZT7OTRAO6V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WBK22EZT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ec6d1542aa67ec6999730739557504f6cdfdf9e9cbc34444167e4981a7a8b804","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The main goal of the IceCube Deep Core Array is to search for neutrinos of astrophysical origins. Atmospheric neutrinos are commonly considered as a background for these searches. We show here that cascade measurements in the Ice Cube Deep Core Array can provide strong evidence for tau neutrino appearance in atmospheric neutrino oscillations. A careful study of these tau neutrinos is crucial, since they constitute an irreducible background for astrophysical neutrino detection.","authors_text":"Gerardo Giordano, Irina Mocioiu, Olga Mena","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2010-04-20T18:04:44Z","title":"Atmospheric neutrino oscillations and tau neutrinos in ice"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1004.3519","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:79d2de6dc00621b9f555dfcb413c5dc90414c66f54bf41a6bf141336cbaafa14","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5e87d0f89fdffec9f747584a920d989300eb11328c8ea442f5042799399ac62f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2010-04-20T18:04:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"19cc82ea12a0a945ce83dfa23b3b5fbd4c03ca5d1be79c1aad2e9e6426b2ff52"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1004.3519","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b055ad1333fba7103bd5d30bd84118542863830370e3629bb2bdfdbbe049a50a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b055ad1333fba7103bd5d30bd84118542863830370e3629bb2bdfdbbe049a50a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33.856410Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33.856410Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"NlLRlXx+zc85mDTlCtcHHDbOHKZJ2o79ORnI4l5E2AVLGr3jA+IBHdKZiiEXGvmEss4PbLZ+eAPngnKkSW/yAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:33:33.856803Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1004.3519","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:79d2de6dc00621b9f555dfcb413c5dc90414c66f54bf41a6bf141336cbaafa14","sha256:ec6d1542aa67ec6999730739557504f6cdfdf9e9cbc34444167e4981a7a8b804"],"state_sha256":"bdb406ab9e8c1e3e3626afc90775c4c8259e6f70f9599d56508bde7dbfcf908f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YZwZegdpIwZfi2InQWh2ahdLJnWhAlTriL8IJLYRl9s2sup58WTEKjOyQRPVa/+jHWIAFEOybdfZMJ2+tQysCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T13:38:45.189783Z","bundle_sha256":"419bc0987ed7e9e3737151d880c29f34ef2ece50bbc4bf429dbce96e541453cf"}}