{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3","short_pith_number":"pith:WCPHTXRW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0910.0121","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2009-10-01T09:45:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"793ff31d0a2707b8005fc3fc585f813f27e2b81852186fdf91c684ec9729a073","abstract_canon_sha256":"f79143485082a589634d4616e701b576d7fb177a07728d9be8a3cd371cadda56"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b09e79de368978ac5710d7502b0b7c36f084ed6b4fa91d7e2c36f9bd1ab0a1f1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0910.0121","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0910.0121","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0910.0121v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0910.0121","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WCPHTXRWRF4K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WCPHTXRW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0910.0121","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2009-10-01T09:45:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"793ff31d0a2707b8005fc3fc585f813f27e2b81852186fdf91c684ec9729a073","abstract_canon_sha256":"f79143485082a589634d4616e701b576d7fb177a07728d9be8a3cd371cadda56"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b09e79de368978ac5710d7502b0b7c36f084ed6b4fa91d7e2c36f9bd1ab0a1f1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35.516737Z","signature_b64":"hhT2sQMj4kpsVsCMRTXXnb5y4dpPCRnWpiRKvu9vPp+kFWYh2ezPt0tx5Okaze9xP+/9k5vQrXXNYKFG7vkKDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b09e79de368978ac5710d7502b0b7c36f084ed6b4fa91d7e2c36f9bd1ab0a1f1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35.516016Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35.516016Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0910.0121","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"L9sV9gPPoiBhHy5ZZxQUFfpIocBqXx9DZ9UwzRgKpjjUE9lcu35khIRqSn49bur14gAfEya63m6Z0TOWai9gBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T09:54:31.667177Z"},"content_sha256":"7275e25fa4a5b2326f23c8ac817213ce952c2e2476c11d2fd6ea513ffa9f3672","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7275e25fa4a5b2326f23c8ac817213ce952c2e2476c11d2fd6ea513ffa9f3672"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"GreeM : Massively Parallel TreePM Code for Large Cosmological N-body Simulations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.comp-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Junichiro Makino, Tomoaki Ishiyama, Toshiyuki Fukushige","submitted_at":"2009-10-01T09:45:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we describe the implementation and performance of GreeM, a massively parallel TreePM code for large-scale cosmological N-body simulations. GreeM uses a recursive multi-section algorithm for domain decomposition. The size of the domains are adjusted so that the total calculation time of the force becomes the same for all processes. The loss of performance due to non-optimal load balancing is around 4%, even for more than 10^3 CPU cores. GreeM runs efficiently on PC clusters and massively-parallel computers such as a Cray XT4. The measured calculation speed on Cray XT4 is 5 \\times"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0910.0121","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YMsSc4xP8bXA9iFEtMAKbovwPM445Aes8cyYVNGoJ00WOyeaq+l0rilKU8ec8u9BpBGw5BGeyvNcMzDq1wWfBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T09:54:31.667875Z"},"content_sha256":"9e933034b36d404bec01347845d19e59f0d1c1cc68c0268804d6cfb743b8a5f7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9e933034b36d404bec01347845d19e59f0d1c1cc68c0268804d6cfb743b8a5f7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-24T09:54:31Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ25ICWC34G3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f79143485082a589634d4616e701b576d7fb177a07728d9be8a3cd371cadda56","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2009-10-01T09:45:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"793ff31d0a2707b8005fc3fc585f813f27e2b81852186fdf91c684ec9729a073"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0910.0121","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0910.0121","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0910.0121v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0910.0121","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WCPHTXRWRF4K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WCPHTXRWRF4KYVYQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WCPHTXRW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9e933034b36d404bec01347845d19e59f0d1c1cc68c0268804d6cfb743b8a5f7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we describe the implementation and performance of GreeM, a massively parallel TreePM code for large-scale cosmological N-body simulations. GreeM uses a recursive multi-section algorithm for domain decomposition. The size of the domains are adjusted so that the total calculation time of the force becomes the same for all processes. The loss of performance due to non-optimal load balancing is around 4%, even for more than 10^3 CPU cores. GreeM runs efficiently on PC clusters and massively-parallel computers such as a Cray XT4. The measured calculation speed on Cray XT4 is 5 \\times","authors_text":"Junichiro Makino, Tomoaki Ishiyama, Toshiyuki Fukushige","cross_cats":["physics.comp-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2009-10-01T09:45:48Z","title":"GreeM : Massively Parallel TreePM Code for Large Cosmological N-body Simulations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0910.0121","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7275e25fa4a5b2326f23c8ac817213ce952c2e2476c11d2fd6ea513ffa9f3672","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f79143485082a589634d4616e701b576d7fb177a07728d9be8a3cd371cadda56","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2009-10-01T09:45:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"793ff31d0a2707b8005fc3fc585f813f27e2b81852186fdf91c684ec9729a073"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0910.0121","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b09e79de368978ac5710d7502b0b7c36f084ed6b4fa91d7e2c36f9bd1ab0a1f1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b09e79de368978ac5710d7502b0b7c36f084ed6b4fa91d7e2c36f9bd1ab0a1f1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35.516016Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35.516016Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hhT2sQMj4kpsVsCMRTXXnb5y4dpPCRnWpiRKvu9vPp+kFWYh2ezPt0tx5Okaze9xP+/9k5vQrXXNYKFG7vkKDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:11:35.516737Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0910.0121","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7275e25fa4a5b2326f23c8ac817213ce952c2e2476c11d2fd6ea513ffa9f3672","sha256:9e933034b36d404bec01347845d19e59f0d1c1cc68c0268804d6cfb743b8a5f7"],"state_sha256":"0a644afec8d9bba443a832d71ee08f537e3a329894b22999ba4442a8e5abbfb2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DcpQYeXfXI+j18jfyrOT3rPMOupYnIxEkQ6Cm8o8Jznd9bz1BeG8xEomvkG2FlnDZrkuscOMriglw1IpkeuPAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T09:54:31.671713Z","bundle_sha256":"13c5e7ddc56dd36c00e7ea09fe353f0d622502570cde4ca79baf30a8a67586f4"}}