{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:WEJ3KGHCSAWCOMF7DO4OCCBXYV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3e19b4a81f6b82f3abf7cb7ce0256bb428b05705ffdd88afc9d8b4a63d094930","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:29:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"e1e8db47da002e7db3ef0d1c2413692e99f545580659040514d3210abc5f92ca"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.06096","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.06096","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.06096v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.06096","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WEJ3KGHCSAWC","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WEJ3KGHCSAWCOMF7","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WEJ3KGHC","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b6877bbc65bdffe4ea4da6bb448677af2a891f2f828aabf4d79b8697d1289bd9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1807.06096/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper targets the efficient construction of a safety shield for decision making in scenarios that incorporate uncertainty. Markov decision processes (MDPs) are prominent models to capture such planning problems. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a machine learning technique to determine near-optimal policies in MDPs that may be unknown prior to exploring the model. However, during exploration, RL is prone to induce behavior that is undesirable or not allowed in safety- or mission-critical contexts. We introduce the concept of a probabilistic shield that enables decision-making to adhere to s","authors_text":"Alexandru C. Serban, Bettina K\\\"onighofer, Nils Jansen, Roderick Bloem, Sebastian Junges","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:29:04Z","title":"Safe Reinforcement Learning via Probabilistic Shields"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.06096","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:368813b1c4bcd33fe95dd0fe62dd598988f9a04a16999bf54f905c96c5ac4d7d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3e19b4a81f6b82f3abf7cb7ce0256bb428b05705ffdd88afc9d8b4a63d094930","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:29:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"e1e8db47da002e7db3ef0d1c2413692e99f545580659040514d3210abc5f92ca"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.06096","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b113b518e2902c2730bf1bb8e10837c57d9d7effda176739258dff27b2f16508","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b113b518e2902c2730bf1bb8e10837c57d9d7effda176739258dff27b2f16508","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31.364624Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31.364624Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HNkjayhaVHb0XYTyHL8eJOiKd9mYfSxrNZjVA8zXraebwq4/i05hAJaLayw6IK3Lb8M6MnhvKnw7O12PgGxqAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:21:31.365081Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1807.06096","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:368813b1c4bcd33fe95dd0fe62dd598988f9a04a16999bf54f905c96c5ac4d7d","sha256:b6877bbc65bdffe4ea4da6bb448677af2a891f2f828aabf4d79b8697d1289bd9"],"state_sha256":"fd17b5eb57dfe08a9411b431a40a6789caab294063be6b77ef611a2df4617eef"}