{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M","short_pith_number":"pith:WF6SWQSE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1905.07755","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2019-05-19T15:14:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","physics.soc-ph","stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"03fdb263a6941897bf18dd3379d3831eb475e69b78d8578c566e12762a1f7d56","abstract_canon_sha256":"50b78567c854eab3e45ffa38ab38af1fcc83e50cf63b19885ad47dbc75f50d3c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b17d2b4244a55d9a4ae926ce8b4fcff3066e5f569d58f2636f30e154776ddc10","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1905.07755","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1905.07755","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1905.07755v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1905.07755","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WF6SWQSEUVOZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WF6SWQSE","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1905.07755","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2019-05-19T15:14:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","physics.soc-ph","stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"03fdb263a6941897bf18dd3379d3831eb475e69b78d8578c566e12762a1f7d56","abstract_canon_sha256":"50b78567c854eab3e45ffa38ab38af1fcc83e50cf63b19885ad47dbc75f50d3c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b17d2b4244a55d9a4ae926ce8b4fcff3066e5f569d58f2636f30e154776ddc10","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15.118946Z","signature_b64":"ZoWeBjFi48U7MrbwavjznDLnfZxj5A05P3XTOWaZrUbV+bmN0DkwTKFsfec/ovpV+SqPU7FPurvVbTuZyv27AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b17d2b4244a55d9a4ae926ce8b4fcff3066e5f569d58f2636f30e154776ddc10","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15.118509Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15.118509Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1905.07755","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NN+58ltmpzxMzo5U3IhTOmvq2DpVSFcyOPNRm3eom8qaIgrRVyZAB7nQIUSXEpdDvrhL8zMeb3koPyOMcMnyDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T17:32:02.538812Z"},"content_sha256":"ed1864a6a01c3c64006c6ad4fa182715de6eca873cb6185f5f54f0792ca6d5b3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ed1864a6a01c3c64006c6ad4fa182715de6eca873cb6185f5f54f0792ca6d5b3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Online reactions to the 2017 'Unite the Right' rally in Charlottesville: Measuring polarization in Twitter networks using media followership","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nlin.AO","physics.soc-ph","stat.AP"],"primary_cat":"cs.SI","authors_text":"Joseph H. Tien, Marisa C. Eisenberg, Mason A. Porter, Sarah T. Cherng","submitted_at":"2019-05-19T15:14:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the Twitter conversation following the August 2017 `Unite the Right' rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, using tools from network analysis and data science. We use media followership on Twitter and principal component analysis (PCA) to compute a `Left'/`Right' media score on a one-dimensional axis to characterize nodes. We then use these scores, in concert with retweet relationships, to examine the structure of a retweet network of approximately 300,000 accounts that communicated with the #Charlottesville hashtag. The retweet network is sharply polarized, with an assortativity coeffic"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1905.07755","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1905.07755/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3yuyR/QgIjaJVVwIiir71wqtMo1Aq7R3g0ssUgTMXyH2S/lsCBt9mwocHcPuBtd75x42EzH5xR5cr4m9C9qHCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T17:32:02.539789Z"},"content_sha256":"0c7a13a1d4d75fcc1a34d080261e539fc56029429a4a6cee571cfa5dc2715b60","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0c7a13a1d4d75fcc1a34d080261e539fc56029429a4a6cee571cfa5dc2715b60"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-03T17:32:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJE3HIWT6P6M","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"50b78567c854eab3e45ffa38ab38af1fcc83e50cf63b19885ad47dbc75f50d3c","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","physics.soc-ph","stat.AP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2019-05-19T15:14:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"03fdb263a6941897bf18dd3379d3831eb475e69b78d8578c566e12762a1f7d56"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1905.07755","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1905.07755","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1905.07755v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1905.07755","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WF6SWQSEUVOZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WF6SWQSEUVOZUSXJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WF6SWQSE","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0c7a13a1d4d75fcc1a34d080261e539fc56029429a4a6cee571cfa5dc2715b60","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1905.07755/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the Twitter conversation following the August 2017 `Unite the Right' rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, using tools from network analysis and data science. We use media followership on Twitter and principal component analysis (PCA) to compute a `Left'/`Right' media score on a one-dimensional axis to characterize nodes. We then use these scores, in concert with retweet relationships, to examine the structure of a retweet network of approximately 300,000 accounts that communicated with the #Charlottesville hashtag. The retweet network is sharply polarized, with an assortativity coeffic","authors_text":"Joseph H. Tien, Marisa C. Eisenberg, Mason A. Porter, Sarah T. Cherng","cross_cats":["nlin.AO","physics.soc-ph","stat.AP"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2019-05-19T15:14:19Z","title":"Online reactions to the 2017 'Unite the Right' rally in Charlottesville: Measuring polarization in Twitter networks using media followership"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1905.07755","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ed1864a6a01c3c64006c6ad4fa182715de6eca873cb6185f5f54f0792ca6d5b3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"50b78567c854eab3e45ffa38ab38af1fcc83e50cf63b19885ad47dbc75f50d3c","cross_cats_sorted":["nlin.AO","physics.soc-ph","stat.AP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2019-05-19T15:14:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"03fdb263a6941897bf18dd3379d3831eb475e69b78d8578c566e12762a1f7d56"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1905.07755","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b17d2b4244a55d9a4ae926ce8b4fcff3066e5f569d58f2636f30e154776ddc10","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b17d2b4244a55d9a4ae926ce8b4fcff3066e5f569d58f2636f30e154776ddc10","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15.118509Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15.118509Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ZoWeBjFi48U7MrbwavjznDLnfZxj5A05P3XTOWaZrUbV+bmN0DkwTKFsfec/ovpV+SqPU7FPurvVbTuZyv27AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:11:15.118946Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1905.07755","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ed1864a6a01c3c64006c6ad4fa182715de6eca873cb6185f5f54f0792ca6d5b3","sha256:0c7a13a1d4d75fcc1a34d080261e539fc56029429a4a6cee571cfa5dc2715b60"],"state_sha256":"a6fbdcc5164f9724e60d2a3911004ed0c00a2084d36b42133521bdf76e8e14ef"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"07uDa7Vohv6pjExSarMMOJnEteXWsfZ8ue8Q3gDd9ZPIFAWY8SrKY57W+tFWRPE6wcpGJKcdiSNWAX3sR76+Aw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T17:32:02.544892Z","bundle_sha256":"1e922e1c2bd1e2078c15e54f37e11fe3bfd19e1f71f92c4064aa92ea1de7f723"}}