{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL","short_pith_number":"pith:WGIDC6G7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2110.04537","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-10-09T10:44:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1894b57cbcdf2b9c0c854489efd1a38ba5a4daef873b121c86b774441f536760","abstract_canon_sha256":"a642654f2541015f2e493a3f3ebce0bede9323edc7d6f71bbf059349cd0f2d90"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b1903178df126bbdbbf3105d16a3315acca84ccd9110dbf34ccf29604dc2bc97","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2110.04537","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2110.04537","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2110.04537v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2110.04537","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WGIDC6G7CJV3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WGIDC6G7CJV33O7T","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WGIDC6G7","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2110.04537","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-10-09T10:44:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1894b57cbcdf2b9c0c854489efd1a38ba5a4daef873b121c86b774441f536760","abstract_canon_sha256":"a642654f2541015f2e493a3f3ebce0bede9323edc7d6f71bbf059349cd0f2d90"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b1903178df126bbdbbf3105d16a3315acca84ccd9110dbf34ccf29604dc2bc97","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46.785251Z","signature_b64":"/nsi6sAf8tBoABOb+536ZejRGeGYx+F0FgB0XjqJV/cXobzb//qsrCPCEDWI9h7tYTN/fqn/x0HSCSSs07GwCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b1903178df126bbdbbf3105d16a3315acca84ccd9110dbf34ccf29604dc2bc97","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46.784573Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46.784573Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2110.04537","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kkesYeHKQdbR8jZ6NbVuwGiybnjBvfWQtdMKNhhzNKG7hiLLl9OUbeL+R0NcFPjZQ9Nq/gqD7owF7IGKfUANCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:24:04.329049Z"},"content_sha256":"77c50e7bde362022c24259c78d3e48c285c01c4a2b5b774018db9e2ff6c451db","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:77c50e7bde362022c24259c78d3e48c285c01c4a2b5b774018db9e2ff6c451db"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The evolution of the barred galaxy population in the TNG50 simulation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Alessandro Lupi, David Izquierdo-Villalba, Dylan Nelson, Lars Hernquist, Mark Vogelsberger, Massimo Dotti, Matteo Bonetti, Silvia Bonoli, Tommaso Zana, Volker Springel, Yetli Rosas-Guevara","submitted_at":"2021-10-09T10:44:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"We use the magnetic-hydrodynamical simulation TNG50 to study the evolution of barred massive disc galaxies. Massive spiral galaxies are already present as early as $z=4$, and bar formation takes place already at those early times. The bars grow longer and stronger as the host galaxies evolve, with the bar sizes increasing at a pace similar to that of the disc scale lengths. The bar fraction mildly evolves with redshift for galaxies with $M_{*}\\geq10^{10}M\\odot$, being greater than $\\sim40\\%$ at $0.5<z<3$ and $\\sim30\\%$ at $z=0$. When bars larger than a given physical size ($\\geq 2\\,\\rm kpc$) o"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2110.04537","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2110.04537/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"E0oTdiqnP3hSQpWoKqYxHM70RYseVx0L2A0FulMSfaYAvBQYjh26lqiKg9Javr6biWLL5yT2aWRDP33W6t1GDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:24:04.329443Z"},"content_sha256":"91da284a4f6ee3dab84c3618a15717c4649e3537349837d3168ca936f7b2a028","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:91da284a4f6ee3dab84c3618a15717c4649e3537349837d3168ca936f7b2a028"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T07:24:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:WGIDC6G7CJV33O7TCBORNIZRLL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a642654f2541015f2e493a3f3ebce0bede9323edc7d6f71bbf059349cd0f2d90","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-10-09T10:44:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"1894b57cbcdf2b9c0c854489efd1a38ba5a4daef873b121c86b774441f536760"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2110.04537","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2110.04537","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2110.04537v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2110.04537","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WGIDC6G7CJV3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WGIDC6G7CJV33O7T","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WGIDC6G7","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:91da284a4f6ee3dab84c3618a15717c4649e3537349837d3168ca936f7b2a028","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2110.04537/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We use the magnetic-hydrodynamical simulation TNG50 to study the evolution of barred massive disc galaxies. Massive spiral galaxies are already present as early as $z=4$, and bar formation takes place already at those early times. The bars grow longer and stronger as the host galaxies evolve, with the bar sizes increasing at a pace similar to that of the disc scale lengths. The bar fraction mildly evolves with redshift for galaxies with $M_{*}\\geq10^{10}M\\odot$, being greater than $\\sim40\\%$ at $0.5<z<3$ and $\\sim30\\%$ at $z=0$. When bars larger than a given physical size ($\\geq 2\\,\\rm kpc$) o","authors_text":"Alessandro Lupi, David Izquierdo-Villalba, Dylan Nelson, Lars Hernquist, Mark Vogelsberger, Massimo Dotti, Matteo Bonetti, Silvia Bonoli, Tommaso Zana, Volker Springel, Yetli Rosas-Guevara","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-10-09T10:44:56Z","title":"The evolution of the barred galaxy population in the TNG50 simulation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2110.04537","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:77c50e7bde362022c24259c78d3e48c285c01c4a2b5b774018db9e2ff6c451db","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a642654f2541015f2e493a3f3ebce0bede9323edc7d6f71bbf059349cd0f2d90","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-10-09T10:44:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"1894b57cbcdf2b9c0c854489efd1a38ba5a4daef873b121c86b774441f536760"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2110.04537","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b1903178df126bbdbbf3105d16a3315acca84ccd9110dbf34ccf29604dc2bc97","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b1903178df126bbdbbf3105d16a3315acca84ccd9110dbf34ccf29604dc2bc97","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46.784573Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46.784573Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/nsi6sAf8tBoABOb+536ZejRGeGYx+F0FgB0XjqJV/cXobzb//qsrCPCEDWI9h7tYTN/fqn/x0HSCSSs07GwCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:15:46.785251Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2110.04537","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:77c50e7bde362022c24259c78d3e48c285c01c4a2b5b774018db9e2ff6c451db","sha256:91da284a4f6ee3dab84c3618a15717c4649e3537349837d3168ca936f7b2a028"],"state_sha256":"3c750808bf506ce23846726b8d5833d88e88a35f822eab59d6228b4397ae9527"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"g0pOXHRPDm0Sbm7vRjcAZKeDOxD2mUsEmSFolYSJnH+wqYZc0JOeaUgZ43Tt9yNAK/2n3DUgp+ZAK01P7BJFAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:24:04.332023Z","bundle_sha256":"5ae9381177f404769543d44a50a54bb838d69af5735f38dcc1e29b00e1d0f575"}}