{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON","short_pith_number":"pith:WJU5SSZH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2004.01745","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-04-03T19:38:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"26e556419eeb5862a73af82da49cbc68845376aff66a1256ddb8aabf75a9f43d","abstract_canon_sha256":"bbd82d1765af6f2617873f8ce9836f1dc99c514fef5d6eb6d5dd5d9a87f67a85"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b269d94b2741452be74b582e80de53737e8173c46b7edf944c6879a3d7e99558","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2004.01745","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2004.01745","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2004.01745v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2004.01745","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WJU5SSZHIFCS","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2L","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WJU5SSZH","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2004.01745","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-04-03T19:38:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"26e556419eeb5862a73af82da49cbc68845376aff66a1256ddb8aabf75a9f43d","abstract_canon_sha256":"bbd82d1765af6f2617873f8ce9836f1dc99c514fef5d6eb6d5dd5d9a87f67a85"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b269d94b2741452be74b582e80de53737e8173c46b7edf944c6879a3d7e99558","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46.472927Z","signature_b64":"Ug6tl1gi28841hvDGfgU469L1QQm4ol4xiVNSE2pQLFDAJ85S4lTSY/eV91lcY0OPcatytSEcNBufwO8ZxVqDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b269d94b2741452be74b582e80de53737e8173c46b7edf944c6879a3d7e99558","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46.472374Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46.472374Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2004.01745","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3xdPMV5vWPO/qE9wCHPAjj5w9i9Fz8VoLDZ05i13GtBUrQ5Vem8pExl9mGoeDBoQLybiVYCe61304RdBvx3dCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T09:21:43.734475Z"},"content_sha256":"b4038cecb8bec7f5b6af54053ff8aaaac9b5113a07aa7601a004cfb8b19934a7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b4038cecb8bec7f5b6af54053ff8aaaac9b5113a07aa7601a004cfb8b19934a7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Solid accretion onto planetary cores in radiative disks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Apostolos Zormpas, Barbara Ercolano, Giovanni Picogna, Wilhelm Kley","submitted_at":"2020-04-03T19:38:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"The solid accretion rate, necessary to grow gas giant planetary cores within the disk lifetime, has been a major constraint for theories of planet formation. We tested the solid accretion rate efficiency on planetary cores of different masses embedded in their birth disk, by means of 3D radiation-hydrodynamics, where we followed the evolution of a swarm of embedded solids of different sizes. We found that using a realistic equation of state and radiative cooling, the disk at 5 au is able to cool efficiently and reduce its aspect ratio. As a result, the pebble isolation mass is reached before t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2004.01745","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2004.01745/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CnHXXEge2KTm5smd1EO+2qEWJyU89uZNga4/wS8yeDq16gmd2a9W8uk380UiIwoTq4tHpJ8nGqTxf4DG75dIBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T09:21:43.735041Z"},"content_sha256":"25d2fb88686cb6a1546e8f922a06a2781d3d795a7a1286996e2489210d46e96d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:25d2fb88686cb6a1546e8f922a06a2781d3d795a7a1286996e2489210d46e96d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T09:21:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2LLAXIBXSTON","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bbd82d1765af6f2617873f8ce9836f1dc99c514fef5d6eb6d5dd5d9a87f67a85","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-04-03T19:38:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"26e556419eeb5862a73af82da49cbc68845376aff66a1256ddb8aabf75a9f43d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2004.01745","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2004.01745","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2004.01745v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2004.01745","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WJU5SSZHIFCS","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WJU5SSZHIFCSXZ2L","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WJU5SSZH","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:25d2fb88686cb6a1546e8f922a06a2781d3d795a7a1286996e2489210d46e96d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2004.01745/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The solid accretion rate, necessary to grow gas giant planetary cores within the disk lifetime, has been a major constraint for theories of planet formation. We tested the solid accretion rate efficiency on planetary cores of different masses embedded in their birth disk, by means of 3D radiation-hydrodynamics, where we followed the evolution of a swarm of embedded solids of different sizes. We found that using a realistic equation of state and radiative cooling, the disk at 5 au is able to cool efficiently and reduce its aspect ratio. As a result, the pebble isolation mass is reached before t","authors_text":"Apostolos Zormpas, Barbara Ercolano, Giovanni Picogna, Wilhelm Kley","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-04-03T19:38:10Z","title":"Solid accretion onto planetary cores in radiative disks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2004.01745","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b4038cecb8bec7f5b6af54053ff8aaaac9b5113a07aa7601a004cfb8b19934a7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bbd82d1765af6f2617873f8ce9836f1dc99c514fef5d6eb6d5dd5d9a87f67a85","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-04-03T19:38:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"26e556419eeb5862a73af82da49cbc68845376aff66a1256ddb8aabf75a9f43d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2004.01745","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"b269d94b2741452be74b582e80de53737e8173c46b7edf944c6879a3d7e99558","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b269d94b2741452be74b582e80de53737e8173c46b7edf944c6879a3d7e99558","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46.472374Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46.472374Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Ug6tl1gi28841hvDGfgU469L1QQm4ol4xiVNSE2pQLFDAJ85S4lTSY/eV91lcY0OPcatytSEcNBufwO8ZxVqDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:11:46.472927Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2004.01745","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b4038cecb8bec7f5b6af54053ff8aaaac9b5113a07aa7601a004cfb8b19934a7","sha256:25d2fb88686cb6a1546e8f922a06a2781d3d795a7a1286996e2489210d46e96d"],"state_sha256":"70d9f5e9b834b80914fcddc1643cf8914aa77faecba92fb21febe015590c0d63"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NheyN5+j/H//1ZR3aULwd0kkxgmEsilw+lKbVLfpfmYKUZn4hm1uQ6ASV1125j53HDokUWaPjGOuQl0HhIl4Ag==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T09:21:43.738924Z","bundle_sha256":"dd6c5fb22bc33b3ee69112f08d29989da697d1fd3e17b9c0967342b77a8189ad"}}