{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC","short_pith_number":"pith:WKKF2CQP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.23956","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T18:42:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"da68dd312d8c077ab203e25b2de2e3bcda21e207efc9a642367d9eedd61a369f","abstract_canon_sha256":"d3ba032a002d1d60236e008c3864e91d0b18b0e5e986e6eb30b9e1bd2f0bf653"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b2945d0a0f0c61fc7b97bfdec4de6a08acb5963b91e15897e010c7ea316f2f54","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.23956","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.23956","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.23956v1","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.23956","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WKKF2CQPBRQ7","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64X","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WKKF2CQP","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.23956","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T18:42:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"title_canon_sha256":"da68dd312d8c077ab203e25b2de2e3bcda21e207efc9a642367d9eedd61a369f","abstract_canon_sha256":"d3ba032a002d1d60236e008c3864e91d0b18b0e5e986e6eb30b9e1bd2f0bf653"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b2945d0a0f0c61fc7b97bfdec4de6a08acb5963b91e15897e010c7ea316f2f54","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23.751000Z","signature_b64":"KAMaiOVl4vjtklAkAzEQvvIB7Ah+xUNeqbdA9rmntFTCbwXxGokyQaijTD1pnlFz9xfM7s4pmVUlCLwvawHaBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b2945d0a0f0c61fc7b97bfdec4de6a08acb5963b91e15897e010c7ea316f2f54","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23.750154Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23.750154Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2605.23956","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oItLCTQ9NwQZDTo/QbMIIUUSQ4TL3B48edpHAJjb6gsNgfMmprE7u2J/JGGrzMt8eKoltb43Lgg5NOeSEKDqAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T17:10:09.032834Z"},"content_sha256":"17a4dcb00a5c8570bab7f3f9a8968277e2a0f3ba245682bb8f78b20a9f49753e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:17a4dcb00a5c8570bab7f3f9a8968277e2a0f3ba245682bb8f78b20a9f49753e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"QUIVER: A Formal Framework for Quantifying Perturbation Propagation and Bifurcation in Compound AI Systems","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Prashanti Nilayam, Sankalp Nayak","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T18:42:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Compound AI systems that chain multiple LLM calls into directed computation graphs are now the dominant architecture for production AI. Although these architectures leverage heterogeneous nodes with mixed-mode outputs, no existing framework quantifies how perturbations propagate through such pipelines, where nodes are stochastic and execution paths can diverge structurally. We introduce QUIVER, a formal framework for measuring perturbation propagation in graph-structured LLM pipelines. The framework defines: (1) a sensitivity matrix with type-dispatched distance metrics that classifies edges a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.23956","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.23956/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JFrJ7T9qB2DaN+t9G3SRqbb1NvJOAsmuq7rnoCsjpNbGNaTgIbOU92OWDL+YiRUqTiAaq+vS8UJEfOupESL1BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T17:10:09.033488Z"},"content_sha256":"9e1dfe0fba47af3af1c423aa8eb472f955e31d7403f55df0a9dd437f5802278d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9e1dfe0fba47af3af1c423aa8eb472f955e31d7403f55df0a9dd437f5802278d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T17:10:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64XX7PMJXTKBC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d3ba032a002d1d60236e008c3864e91d0b18b0e5e986e6eb30b9e1bd2f0bf653","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T18:42:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"da68dd312d8c077ab203e25b2de2e3bcda21e207efc9a642367d9eedd61a369f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.23956","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.23956","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.23956v1","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.23956","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WKKF2CQPBRQ7","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WKKF2CQPBRQ7Y64X","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WKKF2CQP","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9e1dfe0fba47af3af1c423aa8eb472f955e31d7403f55df0a9dd437f5802278d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2605.23956/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Compound AI systems that chain multiple LLM calls into directed computation graphs are now the dominant architecture for production AI. Although these architectures leverage heterogeneous nodes with mixed-mode outputs, no existing framework quantifies how perturbations propagate through such pipelines, where nodes are stochastic and execution paths can diverge structurally. We introduce QUIVER, a formal framework for measuring perturbation propagation in graph-structured LLM pipelines. The framework defines: (1) a sensitivity matrix with type-dispatched distance metrics that classifies edges a","authors_text":"Prashanti Nilayam, Sankalp Nayak","cross_cats":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T18:42:38Z","title":"QUIVER: A Formal Framework for Quantifying Perturbation Propagation and Bifurcation in Compound AI Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.23956","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:17a4dcb00a5c8570bab7f3f9a8968277e2a0f3ba245682bb8f78b20a9f49753e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d3ba032a002d1d60236e008c3864e91d0b18b0e5e986e6eb30b9e1bd2f0bf653","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.MA"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T18:42:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"da68dd312d8c077ab203e25b2de2e3bcda21e207efc9a642367d9eedd61a369f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.23956","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b2945d0a0f0c61fc7b97bfdec4de6a08acb5963b91e15897e010c7ea316f2f54","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b2945d0a0f0c61fc7b97bfdec4de6a08acb5963b91e15897e010c7ea316f2f54","first_computed_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23.750154Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23.750154Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KAMaiOVl4vjtklAkAzEQvvIB7Ah+xUNeqbdA9rmntFTCbwXxGokyQaijTD1pnlFz9xfM7s4pmVUlCLwvawHaBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-26T00:02:23.751000Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.23956","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:17a4dcb00a5c8570bab7f3f9a8968277e2a0f3ba245682bb8f78b20a9f49753e","sha256:9e1dfe0fba47af3af1c423aa8eb472f955e31d7403f55df0a9dd437f5802278d"],"state_sha256":"b0366afcb6df71e97581ea0631d05493af0a17e122deb46b45fea5a6da82b4ff"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YzRWN3ZMcLQIEFK43DrC5P3fBbJSa7as1/eVjg2xbhw9nVWb3KPmTJf2rJIeejxWtd1NFMaHAOI17+2G5lokAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T17:10:09.037865Z","bundle_sha256":"5505c0e5c588172936b2075f00ad6cf41a3a880e58290bd3f9c7b559ab00e833"}}