{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H","short_pith_number":"pith:WKQVQLKC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2202.06787","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2022-02-14T15:05:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c5313b55ba29f855145ff0bbba472ff3398ee3003db83010988b1ecc274d49f5","abstract_canon_sha256":"f749ea3f69384ef7dca7cd38bac1bb46e8ba9d973d26b25e379be3533cedcf06"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b2a1582d421cfc974f18186a3d51b5f1ef0e6a8ef7b57135a468095d6088628c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2202.06787","version":5},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2202.06787","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2202.06787v5","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2202.06787","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WKQVQLKCDT6J","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYY","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WKQVQLKC","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2202.06787","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2022-02-14T15:05:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c5313b55ba29f855145ff0bbba472ff3398ee3003db83010988b1ecc274d49f5","abstract_canon_sha256":"f749ea3f69384ef7dca7cd38bac1bb46e8ba9d973d26b25e379be3533cedcf06"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b2a1582d421cfc974f18186a3d51b5f1ef0e6a8ef7b57135a468095d6088628c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48.508300Z","signature_b64":"DgZEein6y2fJEcgDuTBuB0i+dKAXLhlrxgTeb4pwI/CRRo6HQVslu0EUjZVwO1wAqHZDd8fa8fQpAK/4zTSWDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b2a1582d421cfc974f18186a3d51b5f1ef0e6a8ef7b57135a468095d6088628c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48.507754Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48.507754Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2202.06787","source_version":5,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+P9OZ4fkn+f5HJkJuU7k/93sGsfqWWuNtLsbRtuG4ZpAtpZ85zN1+vyd1PmcoZocIMMtMk0smXQ1EtvVJwX5AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T14:44:45.239158Z"},"content_sha256":"ac810612d62e0c6444d36d5aa1fbebff0676bbe87dc00c5ca8a578be8e0aecb4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ac810612d62e0c6444d36d5aa1fbebff0676bbe87dc00c5ca8a578be8e0aecb4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"An ADMM-based Distributed Optimization Method for Solving Security-Constrained AC Optimal Power Flow","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Amin Gholami, Kaizhao Sun, Shixuan Zhang, Xu Andy Sun","submitted_at":"2022-02-14T15:05:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we study efficient and robust computational methods for solving the security-constrained alternating current optimal power flow (SC-ACOPF) problem, a two-stage nonlinear optimization problem with disjunctive constraints, that is central to the operation of electric power grids. The first-stage problem in SC-ACOPF determines the operation of the power grid in normal condition, while the second-stage problem responds to various contingencies of losing generators, transmission lines, and transformers. The two stages are coupled through disjunctive constraints, which model generator"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2202.06787","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2202.06787/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GY9zAICxQ5d1/2h91inyadJ7fNmDJmXPPwECpi1zRn8sr91MiExdsOiFzjf8hi8zlmhvLtlVRY1DY+DGTaTkDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T14:44:45.239828Z"},"content_sha256":"b851c56669b8f8a8a7cb8bc9a20e17282ae629ac6656deb64c2485a1dcfc6d33","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b851c56669b8f8a8a7cb8bc9a20e17282ae629ac6656deb64c2485a1dcfc6d33"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T14:44:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYYDBVD2UNV6H","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f749ea3f69384ef7dca7cd38bac1bb46e8ba9d973d26b25e379be3533cedcf06","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2022-02-14T15:05:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"c5313b55ba29f855145ff0bbba472ff3398ee3003db83010988b1ecc274d49f5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2202.06787","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2202.06787","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2202.06787v5","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2202.06787","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WKQVQLKCDT6J","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WKQVQLKCDT6JOTYY","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WKQVQLKC","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b851c56669b8f8a8a7cb8bc9a20e17282ae629ac6656deb64c2485a1dcfc6d33","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2202.06787/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we study efficient and robust computational methods for solving the security-constrained alternating current optimal power flow (SC-ACOPF) problem, a two-stage nonlinear optimization problem with disjunctive constraints, that is central to the operation of electric power grids. The first-stage problem in SC-ACOPF determines the operation of the power grid in normal condition, while the second-stage problem responds to various contingencies of losing generators, transmission lines, and transformers. The two stages are coupled through disjunctive constraints, which model generator","authors_text":"Amin Gholami, Kaizhao Sun, Shixuan Zhang, Xu Andy Sun","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2022-02-14T15:05:20Z","title":"An ADMM-based Distributed Optimization Method for Solving Security-Constrained AC Optimal Power Flow"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2202.06787","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ac810612d62e0c6444d36d5aa1fbebff0676bbe87dc00c5ca8a578be8e0aecb4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f749ea3f69384ef7dca7cd38bac1bb46e8ba9d973d26b25e379be3533cedcf06","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2022-02-14T15:05:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"c5313b55ba29f855145ff0bbba472ff3398ee3003db83010988b1ecc274d49f5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2202.06787","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"canonical_sha256":"b2a1582d421cfc974f18186a3d51b5f1ef0e6a8ef7b57135a468095d6088628c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b2a1582d421cfc974f18186a3d51b5f1ef0e6a8ef7b57135a468095d6088628c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48.507754Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48.507754Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"DgZEein6y2fJEcgDuTBuB0i+dKAXLhlrxgTeb4pwI/CRRo6HQVslu0EUjZVwO1wAqHZDd8fa8fQpAK/4zTSWDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:39:48.508300Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2202.06787","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":5}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ac810612d62e0c6444d36d5aa1fbebff0676bbe87dc00c5ca8a578be8e0aecb4","sha256:b851c56669b8f8a8a7cb8bc9a20e17282ae629ac6656deb64c2485a1dcfc6d33"],"state_sha256":"cb74f7a4edbbf3b103bd34af22de9c27373078d8d63fe6c96b46a3793ccd2f21"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kDz3tcV9UepB79NuXqVfSF71XFvmKSuhZ/0/5R4lSZZgKy4GG9BW5hvoUbufkanzkprv2bVItcXdCuiwj36bDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T14:44:45.244991Z","bundle_sha256":"c71ad7e34e303fdd4c0bbdd4345b1fa00d462b78c13beff1f01c0017cad54419"}}