{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ","short_pith_number":"pith:WL5CWEZR","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2001.03155","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2020-01-09T18:37:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.acc-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"535fece4e08ed67f1a9b4db63dfdc1ab9f115a8e85c8c06370e73b6df3ae21ed","abstract_canon_sha256":"7af23cabf991a422d6a90efd76f139d0546fbb375509011254ca01c6cb9503fb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b2fa2b133185b9cbab7967f6ba5843ba6a8a14550659dcc790c0b77c9ae8150e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2001.03155","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2001.03155","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2001.03155v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2001.03155","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WL5CWEZRQW44","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WL5CWEZRQW44XK3Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WL5CWEZR","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2001.03155","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2020-01-09T18:37:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.acc-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"535fece4e08ed67f1a9b4db63dfdc1ab9f115a8e85c8c06370e73b6df3ae21ed","abstract_canon_sha256":"7af23cabf991a422d6a90efd76f139d0546fbb375509011254ca01c6cb9503fb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b2fa2b133185b9cbab7967f6ba5843ba6a8a14550659dcc790c0b77c9ae8150e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34.767198Z","signature_b64":"9AHvabmYI+XhEfQHyMBJ+njXmDrWImXtH5mve/XkSLLrTkeslhSE6wmJgSNoSmW5z89GdVtPxlGc/WQLmleqAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b2fa2b133185b9cbab7967f6ba5843ba6a8a14550659dcc790c0b77c9ae8150e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34.766770Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34.766770Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2001.03155","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZShAefciy9EtkZMnnSVcK77DZSDvHkrXAHdWwqOxjAayeAZWewFCNs4OUoDnkO3xfJ7RqsGOOXi3rVcwJijTDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:39:40.231738Z"},"content_sha256":"89059ff99ada644d49e38b78e2c4c44a59abb3424ccee67e996857966baecb3c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:89059ff99ada644d49e38b78e2c4c44a59abb3424ccee67e996857966baecb3c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Transformer ratio enhancement at wakefield excitation in blowout regime in plasma by electron bunch with semi-gaussian charge distribution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.acc-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"Denys Bondar, Irina Levchuk, Ivan Onishchenko, Vasyl Maslov","submitted_at":"2020-01-09T18:37:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"Using 2d3v code LCODE, the numerical simulation of nonlinear wakefield excitation in plasma by shaped relativistic electron bunch with charge distribution, which increases according to Gaussian charge distribution up to the maximum value, and then decreases sharply to zero, has been performed. Transformer ratio, as the ratio of the maximum accelerating field to the maximum decelerating field inside the bunch, and accelerating the wakefield have been investigated taking into account nonlinearity of the wakefield. The dependence of the transformer ratio and the maximum accelerating field on the "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2001.03155","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2001.03155/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"m605Af/jNr1QUFnsGUv508HMjYAk8boVGxSxtFfe+Y0voM83Bq2CP0W5z1+qUlbwYaFpGRRdfkOtWKpdY25UAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:39:40.232106Z"},"content_sha256":"45065bb7c8dd9c1ce1bd3b65bfd6bf7deec9f95155e6458e42bff552d2fdf8b4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:45065bb7c8dd9c1ce1bd3b65bfd6bf7deec9f95155e6458e42bff552d2fdf8b4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T11:39:40Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:WL5CWEZRQW44XK3ZM73LUWCDXJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7af23cabf991a422d6a90efd76f139d0546fbb375509011254ca01c6cb9503fb","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.acc-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2020-01-09T18:37:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"535fece4e08ed67f1a9b4db63dfdc1ab9f115a8e85c8c06370e73b6df3ae21ed"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2001.03155","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2001.03155","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2001.03155v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2001.03155","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WL5CWEZRQW44","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WL5CWEZRQW44XK3Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WL5CWEZR","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:45065bb7c8dd9c1ce1bd3b65bfd6bf7deec9f95155e6458e42bff552d2fdf8b4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2001.03155/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Using 2d3v code LCODE, the numerical simulation of nonlinear wakefield excitation in plasma by shaped relativistic electron bunch with charge distribution, which increases according to Gaussian charge distribution up to the maximum value, and then decreases sharply to zero, has been performed. Transformer ratio, as the ratio of the maximum accelerating field to the maximum decelerating field inside the bunch, and accelerating the wakefield have been investigated taking into account nonlinearity of the wakefield. The dependence of the transformer ratio and the maximum accelerating field on the ","authors_text":"Denys Bondar, Irina Levchuk, Ivan Onishchenko, Vasyl Maslov","cross_cats":["physics.acc-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2020-01-09T18:37:12Z","title":"Transformer ratio enhancement at wakefield excitation in blowout regime in plasma by electron bunch with semi-gaussian charge distribution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2001.03155","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:89059ff99ada644d49e38b78e2c4c44a59abb3424ccee67e996857966baecb3c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7af23cabf991a422d6a90efd76f139d0546fbb375509011254ca01c6cb9503fb","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.acc-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2020-01-09T18:37:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"535fece4e08ed67f1a9b4db63dfdc1ab9f115a8e85c8c06370e73b6df3ae21ed"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2001.03155","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b2fa2b133185b9cbab7967f6ba5843ba6a8a14550659dcc790c0b77c9ae8150e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b2fa2b133185b9cbab7967f6ba5843ba6a8a14550659dcc790c0b77c9ae8150e","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34.766770Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34.766770Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"9AHvabmYI+XhEfQHyMBJ+njXmDrWImXtH5mve/XkSLLrTkeslhSE6wmJgSNoSmW5z89GdVtPxlGc/WQLmleqAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:32:34.767198Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2001.03155","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:89059ff99ada644d49e38b78e2c4c44a59abb3424ccee67e996857966baecb3c","sha256:45065bb7c8dd9c1ce1bd3b65bfd6bf7deec9f95155e6458e42bff552d2fdf8b4"],"state_sha256":"da02f1040eee20863570dc31bb494408b1cf1f96182c415bef58781593351a0b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Er4g52/lW8wZQNc6wQvqggVEKMdGe1JL3yQmJcABr2PcYgLtO/ZqI5pC5zUAwfRiWWOe18ikZGWLkG/3gwxvDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:39:40.234042Z","bundle_sha256":"9a5f7b19bb0fb909e129afc4019aebf271640535e79b4a8e83551030ac29c361"}}