{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK","short_pith_number":"pith:WLK6PVN4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1912.06370","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2019-12-13T09:48:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7a9ea82ff0ad8dc73a324468556ff9e3454192c57cc7e7e94ed76d0c0d43dc16","abstract_canon_sha256":"566fdc58c9baae985dd12ec4374ce7bc7a75961fd42d959d8fdbe1097bb5f48c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b2d5e7d5bc796018f8df31aee7fc0e2a8073d48035a4fbf2ecdcf46796fa502f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1912.06370","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1912.06370","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1912.06370v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1912.06370","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WLK6PVN4PFQB","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WLK6PVN4","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1912.06370","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2019-12-13T09:48:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7a9ea82ff0ad8dc73a324468556ff9e3454192c57cc7e7e94ed76d0c0d43dc16","abstract_canon_sha256":"566fdc58c9baae985dd12ec4374ce7bc7a75961fd42d959d8fdbe1097bb5f48c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b2d5e7d5bc796018f8df31aee7fc0e2a8073d48035a4fbf2ecdcf46796fa502f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53.692438Z","signature_b64":"EtlZVTQeuz4pfAej5BnzoTvQVbuFJQJdJyBv/zw2KoFdkzz0GttRCZWV2xsREJwKn54YDa2lDbMUlYIJbCsYAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b2d5e7d5bc796018f8df31aee7fc0e2a8073d48035a4fbf2ecdcf46796fa502f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53.692020Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53.692020Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1912.06370","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"F4ngcgY6Mxlwv3wVCkDw8baDmQOhlIijyRzQIDLsviLurKwg9SXRdPBHH/V4nzD4MujqQPQndHeLQeHtFpXOAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T03:46:46.259195Z"},"content_sha256":"9644d3a1a8db04370c2a1908e711a95f65cc39378c7d4e4c395c46faf3177188","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9644d3a1a8db04370c2a1908e711a95f65cc39378c7d4e4c395c46faf3177188"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Toward an Automated Auction Framework for Wireless Federated Learning Services Market","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.GT","authors_text":"Bin Lin, Dong In Kim, Dusit Niyato, Ping Wang, Yutao Jiao","submitted_at":"2019-12-13T09:48:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"In traditional machine learning, the central server first collects the data owners' private data together and then trains the model. However, people's concerns about data privacy protection are dramatically increasing. The emerging paradigm of federated learning efficiently builds machine learning models while allowing the private data to be kept at local devices. The success of federated learning requires sufficient data owners to jointly utilize their data, computing and communication resources for model training. In this paper, we propose an auction based market model for incentivizing data"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1912.06370","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1912.06370/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9LwqU8kTGsl+IyIS0S79sgCJdmLo1kZYiyPpWU3XfCdcLAOr44BFWGN5UTAVcXGG6HOcOuwD3mkoI2vyBOpICg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T03:46:46.259796Z"},"content_sha256":"fa2702975c26e51c88be6fe2ed90feb2fdfa52e0fd5fdfce7d8d502b38365b8c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fa2702975c26e51c88be6fe2ed90feb2fdfa52e0fd5fdfce7d8d502b38365b8c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T03:46:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7GGXOP7AOFK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"566fdc58c9baae985dd12ec4374ce7bc7a75961fd42d959d8fdbe1097bb5f48c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2019-12-13T09:48:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"7a9ea82ff0ad8dc73a324468556ff9e3454192c57cc7e7e94ed76d0c0d43dc16"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1912.06370","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1912.06370","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1912.06370v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1912.06370","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WLK6PVN4PFQB","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WLK6PVN4PFQBR6G7","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WLK6PVN4","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fa2702975c26e51c88be6fe2ed90feb2fdfa52e0fd5fdfce7d8d502b38365b8c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1912.06370/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In traditional machine learning, the central server first collects the data owners' private data together and then trains the model. However, people's concerns about data privacy protection are dramatically increasing. The emerging paradigm of federated learning efficiently builds machine learning models while allowing the private data to be kept at local devices. The success of federated learning requires sufficient data owners to jointly utilize their data, computing and communication resources for model training. In this paper, we propose an auction based market model for incentivizing data","authors_text":"Bin Lin, Dong In Kim, Dusit Niyato, Ping Wang, Yutao Jiao","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2019-12-13T09:48:56Z","title":"Toward an Automated Auction Framework for Wireless Federated Learning Services Market"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1912.06370","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9644d3a1a8db04370c2a1908e711a95f65cc39378c7d4e4c395c46faf3177188","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"566fdc58c9baae985dd12ec4374ce7bc7a75961fd42d959d8fdbe1097bb5f48c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.GT","submitted_at":"2019-12-13T09:48:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"7a9ea82ff0ad8dc73a324468556ff9e3454192c57cc7e7e94ed76d0c0d43dc16"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1912.06370","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b2d5e7d5bc796018f8df31aee7fc0e2a8073d48035a4fbf2ecdcf46796fa502f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b2d5e7d5bc796018f8df31aee7fc0e2a8073d48035a4fbf2ecdcf46796fa502f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53.692020Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53.692020Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"EtlZVTQeuz4pfAej5BnzoTvQVbuFJQJdJyBv/zw2KoFdkzz0GttRCZWV2xsREJwKn54YDa2lDbMUlYIJbCsYAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:53.692438Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1912.06370","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9644d3a1a8db04370c2a1908e711a95f65cc39378c7d4e4c395c46faf3177188","sha256:fa2702975c26e51c88be6fe2ed90feb2fdfa52e0fd5fdfce7d8d502b38365b8c"],"state_sha256":"0a965ba90f20e1031a79332f690e2d35e845453817a8442596ddcf8186e8f3a9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OvVVnkhmwk8rDjBh4Acn/kVM1KNAH17aJq42jEIMVrO6vnCOeTcuAYtMBwtJS2TV/2I8k/NeR+mTy7lNj9oUBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T03:46:46.263495Z","bundle_sha256":"5c36d7883b585ccb84d527e6d4189cf640dfb0b416220578e83aab135832d937"}}