{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH","short_pith_number":"pith:WMIRLMN7","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"b31115b1bf75731d48b0998b6b93fd51fa97bcbdd9330c8516ae503c8e10cea7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2110.01746","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Effects of Multi-Aspect Online Reviews with Unobserved Confounders: Estimation and Implication","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Huan Liu, Kasim Selcuk Candan, Lu Cheng, Ruocheng Guo","submitted_at":"2021-10-04T23:38:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"Online review systems are the primary means through which many businesses seek to build the brand and spread their messages. Prior research studying the effects of online reviews has been mainly focused on a single numerical cause, e.g., ratings or sentiment scores. We argue that such notions of causes entail three key limitations: they solely consider the effects of single numerical causes and ignore different effects of multiple aspects -- e.g., Food, Service -- embedded in the textual reviews; they assume the absence of hidden confounders in observational studies, e.g., consumers' personal "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2110.01746","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2021-10-04T23:38:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"a25e7ba7063d5f03377b587d35222f48fb95cc3534c6e83d8b97210354909315","abstract_canon_sha256":"7bff68d80f8546d9a02f98b5054181c8f624711ea165ae1b9c5e8a1ae4bba9cf"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590529Z","signature_b64":"Zuiyei1vdY8Cnkp3OhN4vd5E3CuYKtnAMQuPEtso4uf9m0ZEyue2lqep6XurxGFupTngkLv62OTwdgFNyBIpCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b31115b1bf75731d48b0998b6b93fd51fa97bcbdd9330c8516ae503c8e10cea7","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590016Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590016Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Effects of Multi-Aspect Online Reviews with Unobserved Confounders: Estimation and Implication","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CY","cs.IR"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Huan Liu, Kasim Selcuk Candan, Lu Cheng, Ruocheng Guo","submitted_at":"2021-10-04T23:38:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"Online review systems are the primary means through which many businesses seek to build the brand and spread their messages. Prior research studying the effects of online reviews has been mainly focused on a single numerical cause, e.g., ratings or sentiment scores. We argue that such notions of causes entail three key limitations: they solely consider the effects of single numerical causes and ignore different effects of multiple aspects -- e.g., Food, Service -- embedded in the textual reviews; they assume the absence of hidden confounders in observational studies, e.g., consumers' personal "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2110.01746","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2110.01746/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2110.01746","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590073+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2110.01746v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590073+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2110.01746","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590073+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WMIRLMN7OVZR","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590073+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590073+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WMIRLMN7","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590073+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH","json":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/WMIRLMN7"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/WMIRLMN7","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2110.01746&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/WMIRLMN7OVZR2SFQTGFWXE75KH/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590073+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T04:14:59.590073+00:00"}