{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X","short_pith_number":"pith:WO3K7FU5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2412.19987","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-12-28T03:14:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.DC"],"title_canon_sha256":"4e29bf8678b211fffe7ad056160efd93b8db6201ff080f0967cf677155f1ab23","abstract_canon_sha256":"c6dcfc9e5e598bb8c17cc4d9c4ee8ae5b0900ab3b36107c7dbdcafb7ebd64025"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b3b6af969da0d5b2b765d01f9c4dc5d5c566fedcaa58cf6f2add632770aea2fd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2412.19987","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2412.19987","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2412.19987v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2412.19987","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WO3K7FU5UDK3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WO3K7FU5","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2412.19987","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-12-28T03:14:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.DC"],"title_canon_sha256":"4e29bf8678b211fffe7ad056160efd93b8db6201ff080f0967cf677155f1ab23","abstract_canon_sha256":"c6dcfc9e5e598bb8c17cc4d9c4ee8ae5b0900ab3b36107c7dbdcafb7ebd64025"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b3b6af969da0d5b2b765d01f9c4dc5d5c566fedcaa58cf6f2add632770aea2fd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16.692433Z","signature_b64":"r2Djy3aa2GR8CVekBZRVqOwANPulwFq57TZ/MLufCjZHXxr/byLYc/W1q2gFw+1mHAd87u1unBj0YrBNLJkECA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b3b6af969da0d5b2b765d01f9c4dc5d5c566fedcaa58cf6f2add632770aea2fd","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16.691990Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16.691990Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2412.19987","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0Wo/G1N+FOu/jU1k//8ZfvzqCyGnazA9On05Ijz03l9OkX9x+FG/K5UR8Knb89IJqts4ZmWv+wf7yZLPz2ZTDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T10:49:07.102286Z"},"content_sha256":"a0b63990b4cad0cd3fdd12ef0ddc8a6c14f7381c07db34b62f965cb602a1e0d0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a0b63990b4cad0cd3fdd12ef0ddc8a6c14f7381c07db34b62f965cb602a1e0d0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Delayed Random Partial Gradient Averaging for Federated Learning","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.DC"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Xinyi Hu","submitted_at":"2024-12-28T03:14:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to train a shared model collaboratively while preserving privacy. However, the scaling of real-world FL systems is often limited by two communication bottlenecks:(a) while the increasing computing power of edge devices enables the deployment of large-scale Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), the limited bandwidth constraints frequent transmissions over large DNNs; and (b) high latency cost greatly degrades the performance of FL. In light of these bottlenecks, we propose a Delayed Random Partial Gradient A"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2412.19987","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2412.19987/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"afr/XmLsG2Ayj+t0sh+N+qKevL9ipBbLzNDz0mlWkH4CBXBKXMwaDgWRC+K1lyHWOxTqRMFvIZBztlJ63XuICA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T10:49:07.102969Z"},"content_sha256":"b6dbbc5f842f9ecd5fcb1236997934343e37c5796442b05ee5fbe4ff4d9d1059","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b6dbbc5f842f9ecd5fcb1236997934343e37c5796442b05ee5fbe4ff4d9d1059"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T10:49:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F2APZYTOF2X","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c6dcfc9e5e598bb8c17cc4d9c4ee8ae5b0900ab3b36107c7dbdcafb7ebd64025","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.DC"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-12-28T03:14:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"4e29bf8678b211fffe7ad056160efd93b8db6201ff080f0967cf677155f1ab23"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2412.19987","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2412.19987","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2412.19987v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2412.19987","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WO3K7FU5UDK3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WO3K7FU5UDK3FN3F","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WO3K7FU5","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b6dbbc5f842f9ecd5fcb1236997934343e37c5796442b05ee5fbe4ff4d9d1059","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2412.19987/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to train a shared model collaboratively while preserving privacy. However, the scaling of real-world FL systems is often limited by two communication bottlenecks:(a) while the increasing computing power of edge devices enables the deployment of large-scale Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), the limited bandwidth constraints frequent transmissions over large DNNs; and (b) high latency cost greatly degrades the performance of FL. In light of these bottlenecks, we propose a Delayed Random Partial Gradient A","authors_text":"Xinyi Hu","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.DC"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-12-28T03:14:27Z","title":"Delayed Random Partial Gradient Averaging for Federated Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2412.19987","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a0b63990b4cad0cd3fdd12ef0ddc8a6c14f7381c07db34b62f965cb602a1e0d0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c6dcfc9e5e598bb8c17cc4d9c4ee8ae5b0900ab3b36107c7dbdcafb7ebd64025","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.DC"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-12-28T03:14:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"4e29bf8678b211fffe7ad056160efd93b8db6201ff080f0967cf677155f1ab23"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2412.19987","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b3b6af969da0d5b2b765d01f9c4dc5d5c566fedcaa58cf6f2add632770aea2fd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b3b6af969da0d5b2b765d01f9c4dc5d5c566fedcaa58cf6f2add632770aea2fd","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16.691990Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16.691990Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"r2Djy3aa2GR8CVekBZRVqOwANPulwFq57TZ/MLufCjZHXxr/byLYc/W1q2gFw+1mHAd87u1unBj0YrBNLJkECA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:55:16.692433Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2412.19987","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a0b63990b4cad0cd3fdd12ef0ddc8a6c14f7381c07db34b62f965cb602a1e0d0","sha256:b6dbbc5f842f9ecd5fcb1236997934343e37c5796442b05ee5fbe4ff4d9d1059"],"state_sha256":"593ace7172720e1b782046f55fe5241deceeea95dee812db6effb7f3d650dfb5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"R6VegJ8igwbc9+YQIDRd2lYfVECxZ5EmDPB6IpZsSCmjQD/8Sx6Tjq/HAP8o13Y5hO8aMMSLWfofnoigFmrKAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T10:49:07.108334Z","bundle_sha256":"629340b498fcbded0e8f9fb43a7fbf926d015f1895d1a1c6ea9678060789f7dd"}}