{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB","short_pith_number":"pith:WOCGWQ5A","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.01339","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2016-04-05T17:26:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM"],"title_canon_sha256":"8462b2ed79597baddb5bcd4323074ed38caad7a60f9f6351b8d5fec871f64829","abstract_canon_sha256":"b9e1d74f30fa119d62aff4a97ff375bdb9613482f9d0c207224cd3450ef674aa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b3846b43a037dee3f8230f9cd3c98c587108f114bbee9317a4908e8dc05b01bc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1604.01339","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.01339","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.01339v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.01339","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WOCGWQ5AG7PO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WOCGWQ5A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.01339","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2016-04-05T17:26:12Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM"],"title_canon_sha256":"8462b2ed79597baddb5bcd4323074ed38caad7a60f9f6351b8d5fec871f64829","abstract_canon_sha256":"b9e1d74f30fa119d62aff4a97ff375bdb9613482f9d0c207224cd3450ef674aa"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b3846b43a037dee3f8230f9cd3c98c587108f114bbee9317a4908e8dc05b01bc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36.503976Z","signature_b64":"nJCOi2qy5o52oHTE6vjuJ3rckvMdSbpcxS0LE2IsFPajG+2IDCzgkiO7mFqgoGNBNeXifWgxUMDmtY2kEi4RBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b3846b43a037dee3f8230f9cd3c98c587108f114bbee9317a4908e8dc05b01bc","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36.503438Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36.503438Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1604.01339","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K8dKiASuBI1aYuE1eFWG+zA7RciflUW3cwnpYe7mWIqOmJG22Wkb0z0iCMMOrFq/sXfSscN9Z8vMTlzTMLctAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T15:35:11.951218Z"},"content_sha256":"a6ada968b8e77ed32269f9726c09bb88d1dcd9bf9f289aab610b636be6bf4eac","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a6ada968b8e77ed32269f9726c09bb88d1dcd9bf9f289aab610b636be6bf4eac"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Photo-z Estimation: An Example of Nonparametric Conditional Density Estimation under Selection Bias","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.IM"],"primary_cat":"stat.AP","authors_text":"Ann B. Lee, Peter E. Freeman, Rafael Izbicki","submitted_at":"2016-04-05T17:26:12Z","abstract_excerpt":"Redshift is a key quantity for inferring cosmological model parameters. In photometric redshift estimation, cosmologists use the coarse data collected from the vast majority of galaxies to predict the redshift of individual galaxies. To properly quantify the uncertainty in the predictions, however, one needs to go beyond standard regression and instead estimate the full conditional density f(z|x) of a galaxy's redshift z given its photometric covariates x. The problem is further complicated by selection bias: usually only the rarest and brightest galaxies have known redshifts, and these galaxi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.01339","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TcAJB2ZCl+MzkvDKdbAR6yHD+hLTexztJav8rIBAj030ZR8/xBmHwhARYt3dvRbkLnO9JVoPP7/0ntSmy+GdCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T15:35:11.951629Z"},"content_sha256":"fa069d24aa8baa337660d2457112936442ab08ba92bf05c78cb31d1d4fe1a9d4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fa069d24aa8baa337660d2457112936442ab08ba92bf05c78cb31d1d4fe1a9d4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T15:35:11Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BDB6ONHSMMLB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b9e1d74f30fa119d62aff4a97ff375bdb9613482f9d0c207224cd3450ef674aa","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2016-04-05T17:26:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"8462b2ed79597baddb5bcd4323074ed38caad7a60f9f6351b8d5fec871f64829"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.01339","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.01339","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.01339v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.01339","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WOCGWQ5AG7PO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WOCGWQ5AG7POH6BD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WOCGWQ5A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fa069d24aa8baa337660d2457112936442ab08ba92bf05c78cb31d1d4fe1a9d4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Redshift is a key quantity for inferring cosmological model parameters. In photometric redshift estimation, cosmologists use the coarse data collected from the vast majority of galaxies to predict the redshift of individual galaxies. To properly quantify the uncertainty in the predictions, however, one needs to go beyond standard regression and instead estimate the full conditional density f(z|x) of a galaxy's redshift z given its photometric covariates x. The problem is further complicated by selection bias: usually only the rarest and brightest galaxies have known redshifts, and these galaxi","authors_text":"Ann B. Lee, Peter E. Freeman, Rafael Izbicki","cross_cats":["astro-ph.IM"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2016-04-05T17:26:12Z","title":"Photo-z Estimation: An Example of Nonparametric Conditional Density Estimation under Selection Bias"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.01339","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a6ada968b8e77ed32269f9726c09bb88d1dcd9bf9f289aab610b636be6bf4eac","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b9e1d74f30fa119d62aff4a97ff375bdb9613482f9d0c207224cd3450ef674aa","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.IM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.AP","submitted_at":"2016-04-05T17:26:12Z","title_canon_sha256":"8462b2ed79597baddb5bcd4323074ed38caad7a60f9f6351b8d5fec871f64829"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.01339","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b3846b43a037dee3f8230f9cd3c98c587108f114bbee9317a4908e8dc05b01bc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b3846b43a037dee3f8230f9cd3c98c587108f114bbee9317a4908e8dc05b01bc","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36.503438Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36.503438Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"nJCOi2qy5o52oHTE6vjuJ3rckvMdSbpcxS0LE2IsFPajG+2IDCzgkiO7mFqgoGNBNeXifWgxUMDmtY2kEi4RBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:36.503976Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1604.01339","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a6ada968b8e77ed32269f9726c09bb88d1dcd9bf9f289aab610b636be6bf4eac","sha256:fa069d24aa8baa337660d2457112936442ab08ba92bf05c78cb31d1d4fe1a9d4"],"state_sha256":"49d033aa97f36b1c1260b2030b6c5b9818c374bc05f7dc259413c55be103e45a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XhezN+SkNbBfE3BBfi8+3a11dwwX95ac8ZQa8SefGkgyacS7B6T6YgkYmOeILSaYLiujVCsBVozMYvgmHfgsBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T15:35:11.953744Z","bundle_sha256":"cfdc7b31a33cf92b93c9332579acca4dfe0820ea5e8d60a3fb852ef3813cda2f"}}