{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS","short_pith_number":"pith:WRF3AQZ2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.19418","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-02-26T18:59:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-lat","hep-ph","nucl-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"ce329c212662bed67c32cbfe0080699b980f930a30b63f23f22d71a8804b4100","abstract_canon_sha256":"3e966f19557d1706c78be039b63be588b66001c7c30067d59f020b408c027375"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b44bb0433a57d6c162638edc19e38234a023ca4aa1efc31d6bfca209824decf6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2502.19418","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.19418","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.19418v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.19418","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WRF3AQZ2K7LM","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTD","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WRF3AQZ2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2502.19418","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-02-26T18:59:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-lat","hep-ph","nucl-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"ce329c212662bed67c32cbfe0080699b980f930a30b63f23f22d71a8804b4100","abstract_canon_sha256":"3e966f19557d1706c78be039b63be588b66001c7c30067d59f020b408c027375"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b44bb0433a57d6c162638edc19e38234a023ca4aa1efc31d6bfca209824decf6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32.050370Z","signature_b64":"Fml2hSiwDW7Sg/K25qm0OmIGvCyxGyY87Nlw789k/8ZCGZQ04mLlNna6SKItAkcGI5ySMYJvyYE2KsVbDna7Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b44bb0433a57d6c162638edc19e38234a023ca4aa1efc31d6bfca209824decf6","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32.049769Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32.049769Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2502.19418","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vtHU1MiYYZL4gI5vJ0834FxHASsmM1kFOJad32+NPa8H8XV1X+xrJUbVfgpFzB6iNNuft551qX1Cz3+KLTeBAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T09:08:56.943893Z"},"content_sha256":"0183f3e53428861fee33e74cd243144e300ece40b4f75d931e7bc26df5e75333","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0183f3e53428861fee33e74cd243144e300ece40b4f75d931e7bc26df5e75333"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Work and heat exchanged during sudden quenches of strongly coupled quantum systems","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-lat","hep-ph","nucl-th"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Christopher Jarzynski, Connor Powers, Greeshma Oruganti, Nicole Yunger Halpern, Niklas Mueller, Zohreh Davoudi","submitted_at":"2025-02-26T18:59:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"How should one define thermodynamic quantities (internal energy, work, heat, etc.) for quantum systems coupled to their environments strongly? We examine three (classically equivalent) definitions of a quantum system's internal energy under strong-coupling conditions. Each internal-energy definition implies a definition of work and a definition of heat. Our study focuses on quenches, common processes in which the Hamiltonian changes abruptly. In these processes, the first law of thermodynamics holds for each set of definitions by construction. However, we prove that only two sets obey the seco"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.19418","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2502.19418/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"m7ytHO5IrBHEtuQ75dfS6cx5x1D8YcbR9MIkVTiQrWh6WH4bTtpbA9JqhM7PCBKIvqcYC9ZmS9dKtA9PPRW1AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T09:08:56.944271Z"},"content_sha256":"70db7ce29a7fe30399b2c73070328038fdbd4872cc2a61d3e196524af689171c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:70db7ce29a7fe30399b2c73070328038fdbd4872cc2a61d3e196524af689171c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-11T09:08:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTDR3OBTY4CGS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3e966f19557d1706c78be039b63be588b66001c7c30067d59f020b408c027375","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-lat","hep-ph","nucl-th"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-02-26T18:59:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"ce329c212662bed67c32cbfe0080699b980f930a30b63f23f22d71a8804b4100"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.19418","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2502.19418","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2502.19418v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2502.19418","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WRF3AQZ2K7LM","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WRF3AQZ2K7LMCYTD","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WRF3AQZ2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:70db7ce29a7fe30399b2c73070328038fdbd4872cc2a61d3e196524af689171c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2502.19418/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"How should one define thermodynamic quantities (internal energy, work, heat, etc.) for quantum systems coupled to their environments strongly? We examine three (classically equivalent) definitions of a quantum system's internal energy under strong-coupling conditions. Each internal-energy definition implies a definition of work and a definition of heat. Our study focuses on quenches, common processes in which the Hamiltonian changes abruptly. In these processes, the first law of thermodynamics holds for each set of definitions by construction. However, we prove that only two sets obey the seco","authors_text":"Christopher Jarzynski, Connor Powers, Greeshma Oruganti, Nicole Yunger Halpern, Niklas Mueller, Zohreh Davoudi","cross_cats":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-lat","hep-ph","nucl-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-02-26T18:59:59Z","title":"Work and heat exchanged during sudden quenches of strongly coupled quantum systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2502.19418","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0183f3e53428861fee33e74cd243144e300ece40b4f75d931e7bc26df5e75333","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3e966f19557d1706c78be039b63be588b66001c7c30067d59f020b408c027375","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.stat-mech","hep-lat","hep-ph","nucl-th"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-02-26T18:59:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"ce329c212662bed67c32cbfe0080699b980f930a30b63f23f22d71a8804b4100"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2502.19418","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"b44bb0433a57d6c162638edc19e38234a023ca4aa1efc31d6bfca209824decf6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b44bb0433a57d6c162638edc19e38234a023ca4aa1efc31d6bfca209824decf6","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32.049769Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32.049769Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Fml2hSiwDW7Sg/K25qm0OmIGvCyxGyY87Nlw789k/8ZCGZQ04mLlNna6SKItAkcGI5ySMYJvyYE2KsVbDna7Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:20:32.050370Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2502.19418","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0183f3e53428861fee33e74cd243144e300ece40b4f75d931e7bc26df5e75333","sha256:70db7ce29a7fe30399b2c73070328038fdbd4872cc2a61d3e196524af689171c"],"state_sha256":"2e68af7eb019df6ceceb1fb2aaf9eac58c62760b687e909615926e2abad75460"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0nQWp3873i2vGgimifX3ZiV60Myjp2tCibrY0kfqYDQdbbEOvvaDcyW6t1w/wh9OyawGJqqFv+698PleeRAEBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-11T09:08:56.947029Z","bundle_sha256":"b6edffdaf819aec4ad3b761973c9665202cbf2bd9581c353be358a327a5c4c1a"}}